1999, 17 ( 1) : 5 9. ( : N o. 26 ) J ourna l of W uhan B otan ica l Resea rch ( : ) 8, 9

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1 1999, 17 ( 1) : 5 9 J ourna l of W uhan B otan ica l Resea rch g. g Ξ ( ) ( ) ( : N o. 26 ) (PM C),,, ( ), ( ) ( ),,, 1, 2,,, 3,, 4 5, 6,, 2n= 6x = 174,, 1 (M 1) M en eil age 1 2, 6,, ; 1 (A 1) 2 (A 2) 7,, 8, 9,,,, 1 7, (A. d eliciosa : N o. 26), Ξ : , : :, 55,, ( : )

2 6 17 PM C, Farm er 24 h, 70%, 6, Giem sa,o lympus2bh ,,,,,, ; ( g: 1);,, ;,, 2. 2, ;,,,, ( g: 2); ( ),,,, ( g: 3), n= 87, 80 ( g: 4),, -, +, ; M 1, g: 6,, PM C, 1 PM C 5 ( g: 7) ( ): ( g: 9, 17a) ( g: 8) : ( g: 5) ( g: 10),, ( g: 11) : ( g: 10 ), ( g: 9 ),, PM C,,, 2. 3,,, 1 1,, ( g: 12), ( g: 5) ( g: 13) 2, 1 -, , ( g: 14) g: 15, ( g: 18), 1 ( g: 17) - 6 ( g: 17b) +, 1 ( g: 17a),,,

3 1 : g. 7 3 : N o. 26 PM C,, ( ) ( )? 4, ( ),, ;,,, M 1, : N o , 2, 6,, 6, 2, : 1g, 3g, 2g, 1g+ 1g, 1g+ 1g+ 1g 1g+ 1g,, 10, 1, 8,,,,,,, C row hurst 11 R FL P 2 12,,, Stebbins 13, ;, ( ),, M 1,,,,, ;, M 1,,,, A 1 A 2 7,, 1,.. :, ,,.. (B ), 1991 (4) : :, ,.., 1990, 17 (5) : F raser L G, H arver C F, Kaut J. P lcidy m anipulations of k iw ifruit in tissue culture. A cta H or, 1992, 297:

4 M cn eilage M A, Considine J A. Ch romo som e studies in som e A ctinid ia taxa and imp lications fo r breeding. N ew Z J B ot, 1989, 27: ,,. g.., 1997, 15 (3) : ,,.., 1992, 34 (11) : ,,. g.., 1995, 13 (2) : ,.. :, C row h ruse R N,W h ittaker D, Gardner R C. T he genetic o rigin of k iw ifruiṫ A cta H or, 1992, 297: :, Stebbins G L... :, CY TOGENETIC STUD IES ON REGENERATED PLANTS D ER IVED FROM PROTOPLASTS OF ACTIN ID IA D EL IC IOSA g. L IGHTM ICROSCOPE INVESTIGATION ON CHROMOSOM E PA IR ING OF F IRST M E IOTIC D IV ISION IN POLL EN MOTHER CELL S OF MOTHER PLANT H e Zican 1 Cai Q igu i 2 Q ian Y ingqian 2 H uang Hongw en 1 Hou Yunfu 1 (1 W uhan Institu te of B otany, T he Ch inese A cad emy of S ciences W uhan ) (2 Institu te of B otany, T he Ch inese A cad emy of S ciences Beijing ) Abstract Ch romo som e pairing of first m eio tic division in po llen mo ther cells (PM C s) of A ctinid ia d eli2 ciosa N o. 26 (the mo ther p lant of p ro top last2derived p lant) investigated m icro scop ically w as first repo r2 ted in th is paper. It w as indicated that the ch romo som e pairing and condensation w ere no t synch ronous obviou sly. Greater variation appearred in the fo rm of ch rom o som e pairing in differen t PM C ṡ Am ong them, the m ain fo rm w as bivalent synap sis; m ultivalent w as fo rm ed by various pairing fo rm s, such as com p lex pairing, repeated pairing, association by telom eres o r centrom eres, and m ultivalent synap sis; and there w ere few unpaired o r inter2paired univalent (occasionally), and secondary pairing betw een som e bivalents. Som e structural variations, such as ch romo som e deficiency (o r dup lication), inversion, translo2 cation, and loo se pairing can be observed at pachytene stage. T hese phenom enans illustrated that th is mo ther p lant is a comp licated segm ental allohexap lo id, and structural variations occur in som e ch romo2 som es. It is suggested that th is mo ther p lant is an excellent m aterial fo r the studies on the m echanism of ch romo som e pairing and synop sis in m eio sis. Key words A ctinid ia d eliciosa, M eio sis, Ch romo som e pairing

5 1 : g. 9 A. d eliciosa : N o. 26. g 1. ( ) ; 2., ; 3. ( ) ; 4. ; 5., 1 ( ), 2 ( ) ( ) ; 6. 1, 1 ( ) 1 3 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) ; 7. M 1, ( ) ( ) g A. d eliciosa : N o. 26 ; 12, 13, 15 18, ; 9. ( ) ( ) ; ( ) 1 ( ) ; ; 12. ( ) ; ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) ; ; 15. ( ) ( ) ; 16., ( ) ; 17., ( ) ; 17a. 17 a, ( ) ; 17b. 17 b, ( ) ; ( ) Explanation of Plates P late g T he ch romo som e figures of PM C s in A ctin id ia d eliciosa N o Pairing (arrow ) of homo logous ch romo som es in zygo tene; 2. Bouquet2like ch romo som es in early pachytene; 3. M id pachytene, show ing univalent (arrow ) ; 4. A figure of late pachytene; 5. A partial figure of pachytene, show ing a triva2 lent synap sis (th in arrow ), the association area of the teloem ers and centrom eres of two bivalents (ho llow arrow ) and term inal inversions (th ick arrow ) ; 6. M etaphase g, show ing a loop2like hexavalnent ( th ick arrow ), ano ther loop2like trivalentg (th in arrow ), a chain2like quadrivalent (ho llow arrow ), and a secondary pairing ( sho rt arrow ) ; 7. A figure of late M 1, show ing trivalents (th in arrow ), heteromo rph ic trivalents (th ick arrow ) P late g T he aberration of ch romo som s in A. d eliciosa N o. 26, and 12, 13, som e figures of dip lo tene. 8. A term inal deficiency; 9. A deficiency loop in paired region ( th ink arrow ), and a loo se pairing ( th in arrow ) ; 10. A translocation bivalent ( thick arrow ), and a loo se pairing bivalent ( thin arrow ) ; 11. A translocation quadrivalent; 12. Show ing a repeated pairing (arrow ) ; 13. Show ing a nucleo lar quadrivalent (th ick arrow ), a nucleo lar bivalent (th in ar2 row ), and a hexavalent synap sis (ho llow arrow ) ; 14. A loop2like univalent; 15. Show ing the unpaired univalentg (th ick arrow ), and comp lex pairing ( th in arrow ) ; 16. A partial figure of dip lo tene, show ing lomp lex pairings (arrow ) ; 17. A figure of late dip lo tene, show ing a quadrivalent (arrow ) ; 17a. A enlarged figure of a in F ig. 17, show ing a deficiency loop (arrow ) ; 17b. A enlarged figure of b in F ig. 17, show ing a hexavalent (arrow ) ; 18. A n autopentavalent and frag2 m ents (arrow )

6 : g. H e Zican et a l. : Cytogenetic studies on regenerated p lan ts derived from p ro top lasts of A ctin id ia d eliciosa g. g P late g See exp lanation at the end of tex t

7 : g H e Zican et a l. : P late g See exp lanation at the end of tex t