A Knowledge M odel for D esign of Population Nutr ien t Index D ynam ics in W heat

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1 2005, 25 (3): Journal of T riticeae C rop s Ξ,,,, ( g,, ) :,,,,, ( ) 2,, RM S E kgghm 2, RM S E 0. 20%, : ; ; ; ; : S ; S 311 : A : (2005) A Knowledge M odel for D esign of Population Nutr ien t Index D ynam ics in W heat CAO J ing, ZHU Yan, YAO X ia, CAO W e i-x ing, L iy ing-xue (H i2t ech Key L abo rato ry of Info rm ation A griculture of J iangsu P rovince, Key L abo rato ry of C rop Grow th Regulation, M inistry of A griculturegn anjing A gricultural U niversity, N anjing ) Abstract: Based on the analysis of the new est researches on nu trien t accum u lation and m anagem en t in w heat p lan t, a dynam ic know ledge model fo r nu trien t (N, P, K) diagno sis and m anagem en t in w heat w as developed by quan tifying the tim e2cou rse relation sh ip s of above2ground nu trien t accum u lation and concen t ra t ion to va riety typ es, eco2environm en t s and p roduct ion levels. T he m odel is d riven by physio logical developm en t tim e2based grow ing degree2days, and can be u sed to p redict the tim e2cou rse indices as p lan t nu trien t accum u lation and concen tration fo r diagno sis of p lan t nu trien t statu s under differen t condition s. Case studies w ith the data sets of no rm al clim atic year and differen t variety types at N an jing and J inan eco2sites indicated a good perfo rm ance of the model system fo r p rediction and app licab ility. T he resu lts show ed that the RM S E s of p redicted to ob served population n itrogen accum u lation and population nu trien t concen tration w ere kgghm 3 and 0. 20%, respectively. Key words: W heat; N u trien t index dynam ic; Know ledge model; Physio logical developm en t tim e; Grow ing degree2days,,, [1 ],, [2 ], [3, 4 ],, (GDD ),, GDD, [3 6 ],, (PD T ) [7 10 ], Ξ : : : 863 (2003AA ); ( ) : (1980- ),,,,

2 48 25,, (PD T ) [7 9 ], PD T, GDD, ( ),, ,,, ( ),, (PD T ) GDD,, V isual C6. N ET, Pg 866 CPU 256M W indow s 2000 COM,, , ( ), ( ) ( ) (h) ( 9 ; 1 ) [13 ] 1 RM S E, 1 1, RM S E,,, RM S E, OB S i i, S IM i i, n RM S E = 2 n (OB S i- S IM i) 2 i= 1 n [11 13 ], L ogistic, (1) A GN A (GDD ) GDD (kg hm - 2 ) ; A GN A m ax (kg hm - 2 ) ; CV in ; IN I A GN A (GDD ) = A GN A m ax 1+ CV in e - IN I GDD (1) (1), GDD,A GN A (GDD ) = A GN A m ax A GN A m ax (N U R )

3 3 : 49 A GN A m ax = N U R = T GY GN C + (1gH I - 1) T GY S T RN C (2) (2), T GY (kg hm - 2 ) ; H I ; GN C S T RN C (kg kg - 1 ) [13 19 ],, GN C S T RN C, 1 ( 1), GDD = 0, A GN A (GDD ) = A GN A m ax g(1+ CV in), CV in (3) S R (kg hm - 2 ), [ 20 ] CV in= A GN A m ax S R GN C - 1 (3) 1 Table 1 Ranges of nutr ition con ten ts in gra in s and straws of wheat var ieties at matur ity (kg kg - 1 ) Index N P K GN C S T RN C [21 31 ], IN I (4) (6), IN I (N ) IN I (P ) IN I (K ) ; GDD j ( PD T [8 ] ) ; CV in IN I (N ) = - IN I (P ) = - IN I (K ) = - ln ln ln CV in (N ) CV in (P ) CV in (K ) ggdd j (4) ggdd j (5) ggdd j (6) [A GN C (GDD ) ] [A GN A (GDD ) ] [A GDM A (GDD ) ] : A GN C (GDD ) = A GN A (GDD ) A GDM A (GDD ) (7), A GN A (GDD ) (1) (6), A GDM A (GDD ) [ODM A (GDD ) ] (SDM P I ), (8), ODM A (GDD ) [ 32 ]; SDM P I [33 ], (9) A GDM A (GDD ) = ODM A (GDD ) SDM P I (8) SDM P I = g( e PD T ) (9) (7) 1 F ig. 1 Suitable dynam ics of population n itrogen accumulation in differen t var ieties at differen t eco- sites for differen t y ield targets designed by knowledge model

4 ,,,,,, ( 1 ) ( 9 ) 9, ( 2),,, 3. 5%, 1. 0%, RM S E kgghm 2, 1 RM S E kgghm 2 RM S E kgghm ( 3), RM S E 0. 25% 0. 11% 0. 25% F ig. 2 Suitable dynam ics of population n itr ien t concen tration s of N ingma i 9 at Nan j ing for h igh y ield target designed by knowledge RM S E % 1 1 ( 4), F ig. 3 Compar ison of predicted values of population n itrogen accumulation to observed ones of differen t var ieties at differen t eco- sites for differen t y ield targets 3 [2 ], PD T [7 9 ], PD T, GDD, GDD,, :

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