, ( , (P anax qu inquef olius) ) ; L C2V P series U H PE), M Pa R E252. C18 (5 Λm, 250 mm 4. 6 mm ) ( )

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1 T ransactions of the CSA E V o l. 21 N o. 5 M ay 2005,,,,, (, ) :,, CO 2 : 70%, 200M Pa, 50 1, 2 m in, : ; ; ; : O 62335; TQ : A : (2005) ,,,. [J ]., 2005, 21 (5): Chen R u izhan, Zhang Shouqin, W ang Changzheng, et al. T echno logical p rocess of u ltrah igh2p ressu re ex traction of saponins from P anax qu inquef olius [J ]. T ransactions of the CSA E, 2005, 21 (5): ( in Ch inese w ith English ab stract), 0, (P anax qu inquef olius),,,,,, [ 1 ] [ 2, ] [ 2, ] [ 2, ],,,, [ 3 ] [ 3, ], [ 3 ] [ 4, ],, CO 2,,, 1,, ) [ 5 ] [ 6 ] DL 700 ( [ 7 ] [ 8 ] ) ; L C2V P series, :, [ 9 ] [ 9, ],, S IL 210A dvp, SPD 2 [ 10, 11 ] M 10A V P UV 2V IS, CLA SS2V P ; (U ltrah igh2p ressu re ex traction, HA ( U H PE),, ) ; M Pa, JY292 (, ) ;, M G25586D TW,,, ; M A 110 ( 0. 1m g, ) ; : : R E252 ( ) ; : ( ) C18 (5 Λm, 250 mm 4. 6 mm ) ( ) : (1967- ),,,, 2), E2 ( : ) ; m ail: ruizhanchen@ 163. com : (1946- ),,, R b1 R e (, Em ail: zsq@ jlu. edu. cn, > 90% ) ; ( F isher,

2 5 : 151 ) ; (, ) 1) : ; ) : 50 kh z 250 W m in; ( 1) : 3) : 2450 M H z 300 W 15 m in; 1) ; 2) (4) :, 6 h; ) ; 3) 5) CO 2 : ; 4) ; 5),, 5% (V gv ), 40, 50 ; 6) ( ) ; 7) M Pa, CO 2 2 L gm in, 4 h,, [ 2-4 ; 8) ] ) ( ), Λm : 35 ; 203 nm ; 20 ΛL ; 0. 05% 1, 1. 0 ml gm in; : 0 F ig. 1 T echno logical p rocess of 20 m in, 20% 22% ; m in, ultrah igh2p ressure extraction (U H PE) 22% 45% ; m in, % 55% ; m in, 55% 100% ; m in, 100% 20%, ; 2),, R b 1 R e 1. 55, ; m g m g, 5 ml, 3 ml, ;,, 1 m in, , 1 1 T able 1 Concentration of saponins2r b1 and R e contrast Rb1gm g ml Regm g ml , 20 ΛL, H PL C ( 3), ΛL, (X ), 2 Y (m ggml ),, F ig. 2 Schem atic diagram of the p rincip le, 2 of interm itent U H PE , h; mm ; 40 1, 3 h,,, g, 50 1, 70%, 3 H PL C, F ig. 3 H PL C spectra of different standard saponins, :

3 R b1 R e H PL C 70% T able 2 H PL C figure of calibration curve of saponins R b1 and R e R Rb1 y = E - 07x E - 03 R 2 = R e y = E - 07x E - 03 R 2 = R b1 (2R e),, F ig. 5 Effects of concentrations of ethano l on the extraction ratio of saponins R b1 and R e,, ,,, : 4 1) : ;, ( ) 2),,, 4 2R b1 (2R e) F ig. 4 Effects of different extraction so lvents on the 3) extraction ratio of saponins R b1 and R e, 4, 4, 50%,,,,,,, 2. 2,, 6, M Pa,,, ;, 600M Pa,,,,,,,,,,,, 200 M Pa ;,,,, 5, 5,,, 90%,,, 6 R b1, F ig. 6 Effects of different p ressures on the extraction ratio of saponin R b1,

4 5 : , 2 m in, [ 12, ], : 200 M Pa, 2 m in,, 50 1, 70% : 3 dna gd t = D S (dca gdx ) A dca gdx S na A, D,, R e 3,,, 3, T able 3 Comparison of U H PE w ith o ther extraction m ethods, 7 Re 3,, 0. 6%,, 7 R b1 CO 2, CO 2 F ig. 7 Effects of the ratio s of so lvent to m aterial [ 13 ] on the extraction ratio of saponin R b ,, 1) 50 1,,,,,, 50 1, 2. 5 : 70%, R b 1 M Pa, 50 1, 2 m in ( ) 8, 2) 2 5 m in,, 100M Pa, 3,,, 3),, [ 14 ],, 8 (m in) R b1 1%, 50 F ig. 8 Effect of extraction tim e on the L 2 m 3 extraction ratio of saponin R b1 CO 2, 3 m 3,, 4), ( 2 m in),,, [ 14 ] ( 800 M Pa gm in 70% % % % CO 2 CO 2+ ( ) g%

5 %, CO no logy[m ]. 1996, ), [7 ] Gro ssm, Jaenicke R. T he influence of h igh hydro static CO 2 ;, p ressure on structure function and assem bly of p ro teins and p ro tein comp lexes[j ]. Eur J B iochem. 1994, 221: 617,, [8 ] V alerie L ullien2pellerin, C laude Balny. H igh2p ressure as a too l to study som e p ro tein p roperties: confo rm ational,, m odification, activity and o ligom eric dissociation [ J ].,, Innovative Food Science and Em erging T echno logies, 2002, 3, [9 ] Zhang Shouqin, Zhu Junjie, W ang Changzheng. N ovel h igh p ressu re ex traction techno logy [ J ]. In ternational Jou rnal of Pharm aceu tics, 2004, 278: [ 10 ],,. [J ]., 2004, 35 (3): [ 11 ] Zhang Shouqin, X i Jun, W ang Changzhen. H igh hydro2 static p ressure extraction of flavono ids from p ropo lis[j ].. Jou rnal of Chem ical T echno logy and B io techno logy, 2005, 80: [ 12 ],,.. [J ]., 2000, 31 (7): [13 ],,,. [ ] [ 1 ],,, [J ]., 2003, 25 (1): [ 2 ],, [J ]., 2002, 21 (4): 8. [ 3 ],,, [J ]., 2003, 25 (1): [ 4 ],,, [J ]., 2000, 28 (4): [5 ] N ienaber U, et al. H igh2p ressure p rocessing of o range ju ice: com b ination treatm en t and a shelf life study [ J ]. Journal of Food Science, 2001, 66 (2): [6 ] Sh igeh isa T, et al. H igh P ressure B io science and B io tech2 [J ]., 2002, 22 (5): [ 14 ],,,. [J ]., 2003, 24 (7): Technolog ica l process of ultrah igh-pressure extraction of sapon in s from Panax quinquef olius C he n Ruizha n, Zha ng S houq in, W a ng C ha ngzhe ng, D ou J ia npe ng, W u Hua, Zha ng L ing ling (Colleg e of B iolog ical and A g ricu ltu ral E ng ineering, J ilin U niversity, Chang chun , Ch ina) Abstract: To study the techno logy of u lt rah igh2p ressu re ex t ract ion ( U H PE ) of sapon in s from P anax qu inquef olius roo t at no rm al tem peratu re, the effects of differen t ex traction so lven ts, concen tration s of so lven t, ex traction p ressu res, so lven t to m aterial ratio s and ex traction tim e on ex traction ratio w ere investigated. T he U H PE m ethod w as com pared w ith heat reflux ex traction m ethod, u ltrasound ex traction m ethod, m icrow ave ex traction m ethod and supercritical carbon diox ide ex traction. T he op tim um ex traction condition s w ere ob tained as fo llow s: ex traction so lven t w as ethano l of 70% (V gv ), ex traction p ressu re w as 200 M Pa, so lven tgm aterial (w gv) ratio w as 50 1 (w gv), and ex traction tim e is 2 m in. U ltrah igh2p ressu re ex traction of sapon in s from P anax qu inquef olius roo t saved a lo t of tim e, ob tained the h ighest ex traction yield, the least energy con sum p tion and so on. T he U H PE w as p roved to be a new p rocess fo r ex traction of the effective com ponen ts of traditional Ch inese m edicine. Key words: u ltrah igh2p ressu re; ex traction; P anax qu inquef olius; sapon in s