(g ) A quanau tics,, , 33. 1%. O , O CH EM ICAL JOU RNAL O F CH IN ESE UN IV ERS IT IES (,,, )

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1 V o l. 19 N o CH EM ICAL JOU RNAL O F CH IN ESE UN IV ERS IT IES (g ) (,,, ) (, ),,..,, 1. 0 g1,., 33. 1%.,,, O , O (H b),., Bonaven tu ra 80, H b, H b m g, 60% 80% [1 3 ]. A quanau tics,, [4, 5 ]..,, H b,,.,, ( ) ; ( ) ; ( ) ; ( ) ; ( ) ; ( ) ; ( ) ; (, ). TH Z282 ; ; H itach i 20PR [ 6 ], 4, rgm in 10 m in, : :,, 31,,.

2 N o. 10 : (g ) 1585, 2., m in, 0. 4, 15 m in, 4, rgm in 10 m in, H b. N 2 (0. 3 Λm ), 4. H b, H b. [H b ] = [Fe ] = [Fe ] g 20 ml 0125 mo lgl N a IO 4, 30 3 h, N a IO ml 5 mo lgl N aoh, m in,, ml 0125 mo lgl N a IO 4 6 h, N a IO 4. [ 7 ],. 011 g, 20 ml 013 mo lgl, %, 70 2 h,, 0103 mo lgl N aoh ( )., H b H b, 4,, F ig. 1 Sketch of the gas volumetr ic apparatus H b,, 1. M agnetic stirrer; 2. T emperature2constant H b, H b bath; 3. F lask; 4. Inlet; 5. F ine gas line; ml P ipet; 7. L eveling bulb ( 1) [ 8 ], 011.,, K 3Fe (CN ) 6,,,., H b ( H b ml ) g 200 g 20% N aoh, 8 h,, 50. ( 0125 mo lgl N a IO 4, 30 ), 1.,., 1,, O xidation tim e Table 1 Effect of alkaline treatmen t on cellulose ox idation Amount of aldehyde groupg(mmo l g - 1 ) gh O riginal cellulo se A lkaline treated cellulo se ,,..

3 1586 V o l Hb H b H b 4, H b, H b.,,, H b ( 2),.,,, H b. Table 2 The amoun t of immobilized Hb (Hb concen tration: ggl ) on simply ox idized cellulose Amount of aldehyde groupg(mmo l g - 1 ) Amount of immobilized H bg(m g g - 1 ) H b 3, H b. 1 2,, H b. 3,,,,, H b m g g.,, H b m g g. Table 3 The amoun t of Hb immobilized on cellulose vs the treatmen t procedure of cellulose 3 (Hb concen tration: ggl ) Amount of aldehyde group Status of Amount of immobilized H b T reatm ent p rocedure g(mmo l g - 1 ) oxycellulo se g(m g g - 1 ) 1. O xidation 2. 4 W h ite co tton A lkaline treatm ent; oxidation 4. 6 W h ite co tton O xidation; alkaline treatm ent 0 Gel P re2oxidation; alkaline treatm ent; Gel O xidation 3 Reaction conditions fo r oxidation: 0125 mo lgl N a IO 4, 30, 4 h; p re2oxidation: 0125 mo lgl N a IO 4, 30, 3 h; alkaline treatm ent: 5 mo lgl N aoh, 70, 30 m in H b 3,,. M eara [9, 10 ], Β C O, Cann izzaro,., H b.,.,, H b., H b,,, H b ( 4) mo lgl N a IO 4, 30, 3 h. Table 4 Effect of pre-ox idation on Hb immobilization 3, P re2oxidation tim egh Yield of final p roduct (% ) Amount of immobilized H b (m g g - 1 ) T he second oxidation: 30, 6 h; H b concentration: ggl H b,, H b,, H b mo lgl N a IO 4, 30, 3 h,, 0125 mo lgl N a IO ,,, H b.,,, 6 h.

4 N o. 10 : (g ) 1587 Table 5 Effect of the second ox idation on Hb immobilization (Hb concen tration: ggl ) Second oxidation tim egh Yield of oxycellulo se (% ) Amount of aldehyde groupg(mmo l g - 1 ) Amount of immobilized H bg(m g g - 1 ) g (0125 mo lgl N a IO 4, 30, 3 h; 5 mo lgl N aoh, 70, 30 m in; 0125 mo lgl N a IO 4, 30, 6 h), 40 ml H b ( ggl ), 4,, 1015 ml, H b g., H b. K 3Fe (CN ) 6 ( 2), 33. 1%., H b, H b F ig. 2 Oxygen release of oxygen carr ier based on Hb linked per iodate oxy2, H b, cellulose. 1 Celia Bonaventura, Jo seph Bonaventura, Irving R. Hooper et al.. A pp l. B iochem. B io techno l., 1984, 9: 65 2 Jo seph Bonaventura, Celia Bonaventura. U. S. Patent, , Jo seph Bonaventura, Celia Bonaventura. U. S. Patent, , D e Castro E. S., Benedict C., Caro llo V. et a l.. ECS Sympo sium, D e Castro E. S.. Chem tech., 1990, 20 (11) : D e V enuto F., Zuck T. F., Zegna A. İ et a l.. J. L ab. C lin. M ed., 1977, 89 (3) : M aute R. L., Ow ens M. L.. A nal. Chem., 1965, 28: D ian Chen, M artell A. E.. Ino rg. Chem., 1987, 26: R ichards G. N., Seph ton H. H.. J. Chem. Soc., 1957: M eara D. O., R ichards G. N.. J. Chem. Soc., 1958: Oxygen Carr ier Based on Imm obilized Hem oglobin (g ) Hem oglobin Cova len tly Bond to Per ioda te Oxycellulose KON G D e2l ing 3, J IA Yong2H u i, YU Yao2T ing, TON G M ing2rong (Institu te f or M olecu lar B iology, B ioactive M aterials R esearch L aboratory, N ankai U niversity, T ianj in, ) W ON G T ze2fei (D ep artm ent of B iochem istry, H ong K ong U niversity of S cience and T echnology, H ong K ong ) Abstract Cellu lo se can be easily ox idized to oxycellu lo se w ith periodic acid, w h ich can serve

5 1588 V o l. 19 as a carrier fo r the immob ilization of hemoglob in (H b ) acting like a b ion ic gill, to ex tract oxygen from sea w ater, w h ich m ay p rovide a sou rce of oxygen fo r hum an life suppo rt in an undersea environm en ṫ T he ob jective of the p resen t paper is to study the po ssib ility of u sing modified cellu lo se derivatives as a carrier to immob ilize a h igh amoun t of H b. D ifferen t param eters influencing immob ilization w ere investigated. It w as found that on2 ly by the un ique activation p rocedu re, that co tton w as first ox idized w ith N a IO 4, then treat2 ed w ith 5 mo lgl N aoh and again ox idized w ith N a IO 4. T he carrier thu s ob tained w as ab le to immob ilize a very h igh amoun t of H b, i. e g g cellu lo se. W hen cellu lo se w as ox idized on ly once w ith N a IO 4, although the aldehyde group con ten t w as rather h igh, the link ing amoun t of H b w as very low. T h is is p robab ly due to the m icrocrystalline structu re in cellu2 lo se. A lkaline degradation of periodate oxycellu lo se led to destruction of the m icrocrystalline structu re. T he alkaline degradation and Cann izzaro reaction also resu lted in a comp lete lo ss of aldehyde group. In o rder to ob tain m ax im um amoun t of immob ilized H b, a second ox ida2 tion w ith N a IO 4 w as necessary to p roduce aldehyde group s. A fter ox idation w ith po tassium ferricyan ide, the oxygen carrier show ed an oxygen release efficacy of 33. 1%. Keywords O xygen carrier, O xycellu lo se, Immob ilized hemoglob in, A rtificial gill (Ed. : W, L ) ( IS I) (C itation rate) (impact facto r) (imm ediacy index), ; ;,,,,,,,, IS I SC I,,, SC I SC I, 1997 SC I 6, 31,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( 1596 )