G IS A CTA GEO GRA PH ICA S IN ICA. V o l. 55, N o. 1 Jan., 2000 : (2000) E2m ail: lreis1ac1cn

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1 A CTA GEO GRA PH ICA S IN ICA V o l. 55, N o. 1 Jan., 2000 : (2000) G IS,,, (, ) :,,,,, : ; ; : X91515 : A 1 111,, 3,,,, 112,,,,,,,,,, [1 ] ; ( ) : ; : : (962B ) [Foundation Item: T he key p ro jdct of N ational N inth F ive Year P lan, N o. 962B ] : (19642),,,,, : 863 : 863 : : g 7 7 ( ), 60 E2m ail: zhouch@ lreis1ac1cn

2 16 55 (, ), 6,, ; ( ) ( ), ( ),, 3 :,, [2 ] ( ) ( ) ( ) [3, 4 ] [5 ],,,, (1) 11 [6 ] ; So ren sen 7 [7 ] ; 11, [8 ],, [7 ] Badji SA R, [8 ] ; So ren sen, [7 ] ; Chen, [9 ] (2) Jonge, [10 ] ; P rofeting,, G IS,,, [10 ] (3) G IS (SM S) M GE [11 ] ; (FER S IT ) A rcv iew, G IS 2 211,, 3 :.., 1995.

3 1 : G IS 17 (1),,,, ;,, (2),,, (3),,,, 212,,,,,,, P ( ) = f (,, ),, P,,,,, ( ), (1), ( ),,, km 2, km ;,, km 2, 521 km mm, mm, mm ;, 7 8, 50%,, 3 ( 2) ( ) 19 ( ) 65 ( ) 1990, , , 47312, 8418%,,,, hm 2 (1990 ), 20%,,

4 18 55,,,,,, 75%,,, (3),, 100, 50, (1) 7 8, 3 4, 200 mm, : 130 mm, 50 mm,,, : 0 P 30 mm P ( ) = P g( ) 30 mm < P < 200 mm 1 P 200 mm 1 F ig11 Influence index of rainfall on flooding in L iaohe basin

5 1 : G IS 19, 3, m, A rcginfo, [11 ],, ( 1) (2) 1, Tab11 Relation sh ip between topograph ic :, setting and f lood susceptibil ity,, gm G IS, ( 1) (1 10) ( 10) ( 100) ( ) , ( ) ( 700) ( ) : 0 1, 1 10, 10,,, 1,, ( 2) 2 F ig12 Influence index of topography on flooding in L iaohe Basin

6 20 55 (3) : ;, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, [12 ],,,,, 5, ( 2, 3), 3 : 3 F ig13 V ulnerability of Socio2econom ic p ropertis to flooding in L iaohe Basin

7 1 : G IS 21 2 Tab12 Population den sity and inf luence index g( gkm 2 ) Ξ : , : Tab13 Cultivated land ratio and inf luence index g% Ξ : 18104, : , A rcginfo,,,, ( 4) ;,,, ( ), 4 F ig14 Zonation of flood risk in L iaohe Basin

8 22 55,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 5 5 F ig15 Zonation of flood disater risk in L iaohe Basin 4 (1),,, (2),, A rcg Info Grid, (3),,,

9 1 : G IS ,,,, (References) [1 ] L i J ishuen, Fong Q iang, W ang A ngsheng. Study on C lim ate M onito ring, p rediction [M ]. Beijing, M eteo ro logical P ress, ( In Ch inese) [,,. :, [M ]. :, ] [2 ] T ang Q ichen, L i Xueyun. P relim inary Study on F lood and W aterlogging in Ch ina [M ]. Beijing: Science P ress, ( In Ch inese) [,.. :. [M ]., ] [3 ] Chen Shupeng, H uang Xuan. F lood M onito irng and Evaluation Info rm ation System [J ]. N atu ral S cience P rog ress, 1991, 11 (2): ( In Ch inese) [,. [J ]., 1991, 11 (2): ] [4 ] Chen Shupeng. P robe to Earth Science[M ]. Beijing: Science P ress, ( In Ch inese) [ [M ]. : ( 4 ). :, ] [ 5 ] Zhou Chenghu. F lood D am age Evaluation Info rm ation System [M ]. Beijing: Ch ina Science and T echno logy P ress, ( In Ch inese) [.. :, ] [ 6 ] Chen B ianxian, Yang W u, H uang X ianyuan. Study on the Baisn num ericalmodelling and flood dam age evaluation[j ]. E nv ironm ental R em ote S ensing, 1996, 11 (4)., 1996, 11 (4): ] ( In Ch inese) [,,. G IS [J ]. [ 7 ] So rensen H R et al. A pp lication of G IS in hydro logical and hydraulic modeling: DL IS andm IKE II- G IS in H ydrog IS 96: A pp lication of Geograph ical info rm ation system s in H ydro logy and w ater resource m anager[j ]. IA H S P ub., 1996, 235: [8 ] BadjiM S, D autrebande. Characterization of flood inundated areas and delineation of poo r drainage so il using ER S- 1 SA R Im agery [J ]. H y d rolog ical P rocess, 1997, 11: [9 ] Chen D eqing, H uang Sh ifeng, Yang Cunjian. Construction of w ater shed flood disaster m anagem ent and its app lication to the catastroph ic flood of the Yangtze R iver in 1998[J ]. T he J ou rnal of Ch inese Geog rap hy, 1999, 9 (2): [10 ] Pan Yaozhong, Sh i Peijun. Basic units analysis of regional natural disaster system I: Fundam ental[j ]. N atu ral D isaster, 1997, 6 (4). [,. g : [J ]., 1997, 6 (4): 1 9. ] [ 11 ] L eggett D J, Jones A. T he app lication of G IS fo r flood defense in the A nglican region: develop ing fo r the future [J ]. Inṫ 7 of Geog rap h ical Inf orm ation S y stem s, 1996, 10 (1): [12 ] L ianing P rovinciala nnual Statistics[M ]. Beijing: Ch ina Statistics P ress, ( In Ch inese) [ (1995) [M ]., ]

10 24 55 A GIS-based Approach to Flood R isk Zonation ZHOU Cheng2hu, W AN Q ing, HUAN G Sh i2feng, CH EN D e2qing (S tate key L aboratory of R esou rces and E nv ironm ent Inf orm ation S y stem, Ch ina A cad em y of S ciences, B eij ing ) Abstract: F lood risk can, in general term s, be defined as p robab ility tim e con sequence. It con sists of flood hazard analysis, vu lnerab ility analysis and dam age evaluation. A variety of m ethods have been developed and app lied. Among them, Q uan titative R isk A nalysis (Q RA ) is a m ethod of quan t ifying risk th rough system a t ic exam ina t ion of the facto rs con t ribu t ing to the flood haza rd and affect ing the severity of flood con sequence, their in teraction and relative con tribu tion to the occu rrence of the flood. T he Q RA techn ique is w ell estab lished in m any field s such a s chem ica l eng ineering and haza rdou s m a teria ls p rocessing. T he app lica t ion of Q RA to flood risk is rela t ively new and st ill under developm en ṫ W h ile the ba sic risk a ssessm en t concep t s and too ls can be u sed, the m ethodo logies need to be adap ted. Catego ry- based model fo r flood risk analysis is u sed to assign a value to each driven - facto r such as triggering facto r of rainfall, dam b reak, ground su rface condition s of topography, land cover, and o thers. T he keys to the model are to syn thesis the spatial- referenced data and create the risk zone. T he diffu sion of Geograph ical Info rm ation System s (G IS ) techno logy open s up a range of new po ssib ilities fo r hazard m itigation and disaster m anagem en ṫ M icrozonation is greatly facilitated by the k ind of au tom ation that G IS offers, especially as it invo lves comparison, indices and overlays in m uch the sam e w ay that G IS does. In th is article, A rc Info G IS has been cho sen to quan titatively rep resen t the influencing facto rs, spatialize the data in to the un ifo rm grid system, and tran sfer all the data item in to the effect degrees on the p robab ility of flooding. A t last, w ith the suppo rt of A rcginfo GR ID model, a catego rical model fo r flood risk zonation has been put fo rw ard. T he app roach has been app lied to the L iaohe river ba sin, the no rth - ea stern of Ch ina, flood d isa ster risk zonation. T he resu lts show that the flood risk of the low er reaches of the L iaohe river is mo re seriou s than o ther p laces, w h ich acco rd w ith the facṫ T he case study show es that the G IS- based catego ry model is effective in flood risk zonation. Key words: Geograph ical Info rm ation System ; F lood hazard; R isk zonation