2G &:)* +HIJ LM=,ABCD 231 K= U b-u a 1 100% (1) U a T Q 1 )* +,- Q Fig.1 SketchmapoftheTarimRiverBasin - [) 398km,+%,+% <, `, 2, 2 #; + ( [ - ) 428km,

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1 33 2G 2016> 3 = Y ARID ZOE RESEARCH Vol.33 o.2 Mar.2016 doi: /j.azr ,2, 1, 1, 3, 4 (1.,!"#$%&', ; 2., ( ;3.)* +,-. /01, ; , ) :89 TM:;,<)* +=, 2000>? 2010>@ABCD01E, )* +FGHIJ 67%KL M=,O )* +=,ABQRSTU, <VJ LMAB E HIST,W<X )* +Y CD@ Z[\: >,)* +=,] ^ 2-_`abc,? 459 _`CD ;V, ^ 39 D, D, ^ 39 2-@ D ;)* +=,Y CD7? ab HIJ 67% KM,)* +=,ABQR [ ;VY ABQRST (ecologicalindex,ei)cd \a, EI abc, \J 67@%K 2Rc, 2@AB ab, 2, \a!"#:abqrcd;hij ;O 39 / CD;)* +=, )* +, +,, F 50a <)* +@2O, )* +=,@2 2R 2Q C D,AB D, D? D, ) 1-5 )* + D@AB,2001>"<)* +,-%KFGHIJ HIJ D 2.?D, <=,% 2! ]" ^#$?=,+%J &67,' )* + 2 2, C@ (,))* + *+>J,)* +,-,+%.F 2/\a01, #,234 ab HIJ 67%K,)* +=, , : -Y3;#,<Y 89, =,-; Y3 67% K@L (2006> L), < J %KLM@ Z <L,)* +FGHIJ 67 67%K,=,-? ABC@ABCDa D # E >J L M@AB, =,ABQRCD, G )* +,- V,-2., "? F GJ 6H I 1 $%&' )* +=,JKLM+?+ O + + I LP? 1321km(Q 1) )* +RS=,@_` 65871km 2, TUVWX=Y =, [,, I,,Z)L[ = \] ^_`a ^b, M9c,W )* ^ % Y + ( L - ) 495km,+%X,+ $,+%3C, G 2 ; + ( 1 : ; ( : )*+,: (XDA ); <(XJGRI ) -./0: (1988-),,, 01 9.E mail:songyangyaogan@126.com 1 -.: \.E mail:baoam@ms.xjb.ac.cn htp://azr.xjegi.com

2G &:)* +HIJ LM=,ABCD 231 K= U b-u a 1 100% (1) U a T Q 1 )* +,- Q Fig.1 SketchmapoftheTarimRiverBasin - [) 398km,+%,+% <, `, 2, 2 #; + ( [ - ) 428km,+%X, ] +% G=, 2/,?_, D 7, )L[ =? L @ 2 $% 2.

2 2G &:)* +HIJ LM=,ABCD 231 K= U b-u a 1 100% (1) U a T Q 1 )* +,- Q Fig.1 SketchmapoftheTarimRiverBasin - [) 398km,+%,+% <, `, 2, 2 #; + ( [ - ) 428km,+%X, ] +% G=, 2/,?_, D 7, )L[ =? 2 $% : ; < 2,, X,, < 2000> 9 18@ TM? 2010> 9 MO DIS13Q1.A@ DVI DEM 8 9@ : 9 TM7 TM4 7 C % 01; M < E, c&,> D ABR P E?BC $, < E O 39 /O O I " O 39 (GBT )@, 6, :] ^ K9 (+,2_ 2_ 2 2_ ) ) 23 8 <= R O RCD,W O CD ( :K O 39 CD ;U b U O _` (km 2 );T (a); >,K [ O ArcGIS10.1 < 2GO 39 E,4 2S G@O 2.4 >?@A 89"A / 2006>@ QR ST ( ) 6 < _`, CD,,< SO 2 COD 2@!"R@ABQR E #$ %,& 4,-AB 8 (2' O D?2 ) >? 2010> )* +=, Y ABQRHI,<HIJ %KL M)* ABCD E X ST )* +ABQRST Q 2, V,ABQR (ecologicalindex,ei)@ () : EI= n i=1b i k i =0.30B B B B 4 (2) B 1 =Abio ( ^ ] )/-_` (3) B 2 =Ariv +, /-_` +Alak _`/ -_` +Ares 2 R/-_` (4) B 3 =Aveg ( _` _` _` * _` * _`)/ -_` (5) B 4 =Aero (0.70 +,-_` +0.25,-_` #,-_`)/-_ ` (6) :k[.#@ /#,Abio Ariv Alak Ares Aveg D, [ 31

232 = Y 33 Q 2 ABQRST Fig.2 Indexsystemofevaluatingecologicalenvironment B i [ ABST, ST-ABQ R, 0~100 B 1 [ 2', /_` A 22 RY@, S T- 234 @' 7 B 2 [ 2, ST- +, 2-_`?

$05% 10a,)* +Y O 39 / CD X 8 ] ^ 2-_`[ c, 459 39 _`, 2-? 39 @CD <RS=,9 J _`CD:,]? CDX, 2698.78km 2? -1577.61km 2 459?^ @F,;< 1%,V @O 39 F E?=, <, 39 _`, V @O 39 c, c =,\ac, ] _`@c, @, 514.39km 2? -460.$

3 232 = Y 33 Q 2 ABQRST Fig.2 Indexsystemofevaluatingecologicalenvironment B i [ ABST, ST-ABQ R, 0~100 B 1 [ 2', /_` A 22 RY@, S T- 7 B 2 [ 2, ST- +, 2-_`?2 R ST-_`@X #,9 ST-2@' 7 B 3 [, ST- ^ 24 9? 39 ST-_`@X#,9 B 4 [ O D, ST #4,- 56,-?67,-@_` S T-_`@X#,9 ST- O D7 3 BC <= 3.1 ) 238 <= 3.1.1!" /#$%&' >,)* +=,O 39 / CDab(Q 3?[ 1),] ^ 2-7c (,V,] c a b,c D 84.14%,^ %? 42.46% (,VC % -0.48% -7.58% ]? 39 _ ` C D,V,] _ ` c km 2, km 2,45 9 _`CD,& 0.63km 2 O 3 (Q 4) ] (8.41%),45 9,& -0.05% 10a,)* +Y O 39 / CD X 8 ] ^ 2-_`[ c, _`, 2-? <RS=,9 J _`CD:,]? CDX, km 2? km F E?=, <, 39 _`, 39 c, c =,\ac, ] km 2? km 39F =,, 12.65%? 39CD =, ] Q >? 2010>)* +=,O 39 Fig.3 Landuse/coverchangeinthemainstreamareaoftheTarimRiverBasinin2000and2010

4 2G &:)* +HIJ LM=,ABCD 233 D E 2010E<& FGH Tab.1 ChangeinareaoflandusetypesinthesubregionsoftheTarim RiverBasinin2000and2010 /km 2 O 39 =, Y 2000> 2010> 2000> 2010> 2000> 2010> 2000> 2010> ] ^ Q >)* +=,O 39F Fig.4 Dynamicindexoflanduseinthemainstreamarea ofthetarimriverbasinin2000and2010 ^ 2-7c (, ( V,2-c \a,cd %,45 9 \ a,c D % J_`CD:,^? 39 C DX,^ c km 2, km 2,459 2 F 14.84% HY,)* +=,O 39 / abcd,10a =,Y <4 2=> +% RJ?@674, 2 & A, Y O D BC,D3 39 D39; E , C ] +%,, D(,2-_`c,?^ _ `, )* +=,] ^ 2-_`7 ab c (, _`,459 _` E C, 39 _` 3.1.2!"# /' ( ) < 2000>? 2010>AB Z E,> Z c Excel[F,WE GH, >, AO 39@ ([ 2) >,=, O D $ :1 ] _`c,v ^ 39 D, km km km 2 ;2 ^ _` c km 2, I (IO IJ K ) ^ D; K9 _`7 c (, >c _` km 2 ; 39 _`( D IO IJ K?LM )R 7 (, D ] 2 -? %K@*+>,)* +=, 39 * &O ^ &, 39 _ `ab, _, 29 #, )* +=,Y, P ] T2Rc _`@, D,234 * 10a Y ] _` c, c_` km 2, R@?^ ], ] c_`@ 28.70%? 51.00%,V km D ^ G ^ _` c km 2, _` km 2,? 39 R D ^, c ^ _ 25.38%? 68.05%,?^ V W D, c _ ` km _ ` c km 2, 39 R 7 (, D ] ^?

5 234 = Y 33 D 2 I J KL FGHMO Tab.2 TransfermatrixoflandusetypesinthesubregionsoftheTarim RiverBasin /km 2 =, Y 2010> 2000> 39 ] ^ ] ^ ] ^ ] ^ ] ^ XYHIJ 67@, 2000> X, 2010>)* @ 7 =>? &2367@<4, C 2 7@ 10a ] _`c km 2, ]^ D, ] c _`@ km 2, D ^, ^ c_`@ 25.31% c, ] 39? D, ^ c _ 71.21%? 25.31% 2 - _ ` c,j km 2 c 2010>@ km 2,c 68.14% 39 _`,; D ^ ] 2@H9, 2000> X,2010> )* + 2, R? abc ; _, 2 2-@c I 2-, _` ab ] _`c Y *, _` ]^ D G,?^ V W D, D_` E, ^ ] D V, ] 39 D, DX 81.84% 2-_` c DV\a,V, 2-_`c D \a, c km 2,+,2 `c km 2,2 2_? _` E

6 2G &:)* +HIJ LM=,ABCD 235 D 3 PQ Tab.3 StandardsofthenormalizedcoeficientsinChina 0 D 0 D 2' R _` , O D D E Tab.4 Indexsystem ofevaluatingecologicalenvironment inthetarim RiverBasin - >Z 2' 2 O D RS=, =,Y =, =, `c km 2, ] 39?^ D, cx 39.85%? 45.34% < Y, *, D ^ " D ST >? <= *+,-./01 () Q R ST (HJ/T ),0 D 89? ([ 3) )* +=, 2000>? 2010>O 39 Z? 2 $ [, I MODIS13Q1.A@ DVI? DEM, 2' O D?2 &ABST [ 3? Y, \ ABST [ 4 (1)2' :2010>)* +=, 2' 2000> 2' CD =, CD, 2010>2' >,]?^ _`CD<- ' :Y ] _` c, c] P D, _` R ; _`, V^ _`c R^ R,,V ' R [ c ( (2)2 :2010>)* +=,@ > c 2 CD =,, Y 2010>@2 * 2000> ] 2MRS-@2 R#, +,? _` Y _ c, `2 R c, Rb,, Y 2 =, CD A,[ ( (3) :2010>=, 2000> c CD =, ( /#@ ( Z 2010>Y ^ _`bx _ `,, (4)O D :R./ cm,o D C,2010>=,@O D 2000> D CD D DV\a, )* +HIJ 67,?,-92 C, 2@A, Y 92,D3 39 D ^, 2M+% ; 2 \a,2734 CD,+% ; _`, [3- D\a *+,-. 23 [ 4 ( =, (EI), Z [ 5 4 HIJ 67%K@*+> 7,=, 2010> EI >,[\ 2010>ABQR < 2000>, )* +=,EI@CD,; D 5 >?@AR Tab.5 Indexsystem ofevaluatingecologicalenvironment inthetarim RiverBasin >Z =, Y

7 236 = Y 33 < CDR 2,=,@AB ab CD, =, EI 20~35, \=, )* +=,Y AB J 2000> P 2010>@ CD;< <, AB C EI E CD, EICD Y A, CD 1,EIc 4.22, 2 ΔEI 5, E F 5 ΔEI 10@CD,,)* >AB \a@c Y 35 EI 20 EI 4 B U (1) >,)* +=,] ^ 2-_`abc,? 459 _`CD ;=,Y O 39 CD? ab ] _`@c Y, T 2R@c, 26 7@4?D., C G 2, 2Rc \a _` Y, ] _`c, R 2 T, 2/, ^ _`@c,2 -_` c, 39,459 _` Y CD E (2)=,] ] ^ 39 D, 39 D ] " D ^?2-, D ^ Y ^ 39 D, ^W D 39 D )* +J T #, 2M 2 Rc, 2, \a LM D ^ V, HIJ M@, < Y c, 2 + % # (3))* +=,@ABQRST Z[ \XYF P2 R? %J 67@%K,,?=,,-. K@%K, 2/Y0,, LM _`,,@+% >,2, AB VWXY(References): 1, L,.)* + AB J < J.=Y AB,2003,17(5): Sun Yongqiang,YinLinke,ZhangXiaofen.Statusofeco environmentin middleandlowerreachoftarimriverandthemanagementcoun termeasures J.JournalofAridLandResourcesandEnvironment, 2003,17(5): ,,.)* +,-O D J.=Y,2007,24(5): PanCunjun,Yang Jian,iuShukui.Actualityandanalysisoflanddesertificationin thetarimriverbasin J.AridZoneResearch,2007,24(5): )* + D< J.= Y,2003,2(20): CuiWangcheng.Impactsof thedesertificationontheagriculturalproductionintheoasesatthe lowerreachesoftarim River,Xinjiang J.AridZoneResearch, 2003,2(20): ,, \,&.)* +,-AB J < J.2 HI,2006,22 (3): WangJianxun,PangXinan,ZhengDemimg,et al.presentsituation,existingproblemandcontrolcountermeasures oftarimriverbasinecologicalenvironment J.System Sciences andcomprehensivestudiesinagriculture,2006,22(3): L,.)* +,-@ABJ 2O 4 J.2O,2002,16(1): GaoQianzhao, FanZili.Environmentrehabilitationandecologicalconstructionof soilandwaterconservationintarim RiverBasin J.Journalof SoilandWaterConservation,2002,16(1): , :.)* J. AB,2007,27(1): ChenYongjin,LiWeihong.Eco logicalefectofsynthesizedgoverningintarim RiverValey J. JournalofSoilandWaterConservation,2007,27(1): L,,1,&.)* +,-HIJ CD@ J. 01,2013,15(4):604-

8 2G &:)* +HIJ LM=,ABCD TanKelong,WangXiaofeng,GaoHuijun,etal.Analysisof ecologicalelementsofcomprehensiveharnesingintarim River basinusingremotesensing J.JournalofGeo informationsci ence,2013,15(4): ,.)* +=,+%HIJ (Ⅱ) =,+%RJ 2 K J.,2006 (4): HuChunhong,WangYangui.Studyoncomprehen siveregulationmeasuresofthemainstem Tarim River:Channel regulationandwatertransportmeasuresforeco environment J. JournalofSedimentResearch,2006(4): b,q.)* +HIJ 2RCD, J.2,2010,26(2): YuanZhuchun,ZhouHaiying. Preliminaryexplorationofwaterquantityvariationofecologicalin tegratedmanagementoftarimriver J.WaterResourcesProtec tion,2010,26(2): ,,K,&.F 20a)* +=,O 39 CD J.=Y,2013,30(1): SunMeiqin, ZhaoChengyi,ShiFengzhi,etal.Analysisonlandusechangein themainstreamareaofthetarimriverinrecent20years J.Arid ZoneResearch,2013,30(1): ,, 4,&. +=,O 39F J.2O,2008,22(1): YanZhenglong,HuangQiang,ChangJianxia,etal.Dynamicmo nitoringoflandusebasedon3stechnologyinthemainstreamof TarimRiverRegion J.JournalofSoilandWaterConservation, 2008,22(1): [ [,,KI, &.)* +=,O 39CD VAB J. =Y AB,2011,25(8): ZumratEbrayim, TursunQasim,Ayxam Ismayi,etal.Theland usechangesandits environmentalefectsintarimriver J.JournalofAridLandRe sourcesandenvironment,2011,25(8): D,,.)* + - <A B@ AB #4< J. =Y,2001,24(4): XuYingqin,HuYukun, MaYanhua.Influenceonecologicalenvironmentexertedbyregion aldevelopmentandcountermeasuresforrestoringecologicalenvi ronmentinlowerreachesoftarim River J.AridLandGeogra phy,2001,24(4): \, *, 4L,&. 3 + CD J.=Y, 2010,33(2): DuanHanming,AlishirKurban,Wang Shanshan,etal.Vegetationchangebasedontemporaltrajectorya nalysiswithmulti temporalcbers/ccddatainthelowerreaches oftarimriver J.AridLandGeography,2010,33(2): R,O,,&.)* + 20@ [ T, J.=Y,2007,30(4): Xu Hailiang,YeMao,DingYu,etal.Ecologicaleconomicvaluesof thenaturalvegetationrestorationaftergroundwaterelevationatthe lowerreachesofthetarimriver J.AridLandGeography,2007, 30(4): R, ^, :,&. 2M)* + 2 2LFCD J.=Y AB,2004,18(3): XuHailiang,SongYudong,LiWeihong.Thedynamicsofwater andsaltafterecologicalwatertransporttothelowerreachesoftar imriver J.JournalofAridLandResourcesandEnvironment, 2004,18(3): Q,,,&.,-ABQR ST J. 01,2009,11(2): Zhou Xiaocheng,WangXiaoqin,JiangHong,etal.Remotesensingbased evaluationandanalysisonchangeofeco environmentalqualityin JiulongRiverBasin J.JournalofGeo informationscience,2009, 11(2): ,, ^,&. 4 ABQRST J. 9,2006,21(1): Li Hongyi,ShiZhou,GuoYadong,etal.Evaluationofecologicalenvi ronmentqualityinfujianprovincebasedonremotesensingand GIStechniques J.RemoteSensingTechnologyandApplication, 2006,21(1): ,,,&. GIS@ +,-ABQ RST F J.=Y,2008,31(2): WangHongwei,ZhangXiaoleiQiaoMu,etal.Asesmentand dynamicanalysisoftheeco environmentalqualityintheiliriver BasinbasedonGIS J.AridLandGeography,2008,31(2):

9 238 = Y 33 Eco environmentalchangeinthemainstream Areaofthe Tarim RiverbeforeandafterImplementing thecomprehensivemanagementproject SOGYang 1,2, BAOAn ming 1, HUAGYue 1, WAGYong qin 3, JIAGLiang liang 4 (1.StateKeyLaboratoryofDesertandOasisEcology,XinjiangInstituteofEcologyandGeography,ChineseAcademyofSciences, Urumqi830011,Xinjiang,China; 2.UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100049,China; 3.InformationCenter,TarimRiverBasinManagementBureau,Korla841000,Xinjiang,China; 4.ColegeofWaterConservancyandArchitecturalEnginering,ShiheziUniversity,Shihezi832000,Xinjiang,China) Abstract: Inthisstudy,theinformationabouttheenvironmentchangeinthemainstreamareaoftheTarimRiver Basinduringtheperiodfrom2000to2010wasderivedbyusingthemulti temporallandsattm images,andthe landuse/coverchangeinthestudyareawasanalyzed.inaddition,amodelofevaluatingtheeco environmental qualitywasbuilttoevaluatetheeco environmentalchangestatusbeforeandafterimplementingthecomprehensive managementproject.theresultsindicatedthat,duringtheperiodfrom2000to2010,theareasofcultivatedland, watersandgraslandinthemainstreamareaofthetarim RiverBasinwereobviouslyenlarged,thoseofwoodland andunusedlandwerereduced,andtheareaofconstructionlandwaschangedinasmalrange.moreover,theland use/coverchangeinthestudyareaincludedmainlythatthewoodland,graslandandunusedlandweretransfered tocultivatedland,thewoodlandwastransferedtograsland,andthegraslandandunusedlandweretransferedto waters.therangeandspeedoflanduse/coverchangewasdiferentamongtheupper,middleandlowerreachesof mainstreamofthetarimriver.sincethecomprehensivemanagementprojectisimplementedinthestudyarea,the wasteofwaterresourceshasbeenreduced,thegroundwaterlevelhasbeenraised,thenaturalvegetationhasbeen regenerated,andtheeco environmenthasbeenimproved. Keywords: qualityofenvironment;comprehensivemanagementproject;landuse/coverchange;mainstream areaoftarimriverbasin

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