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1 62 TeXVlKO XPOVlK6. XaT~6nouAoc;: 'OXl, avq(pepollq( Yla TO n:alko npo'iov avel;opt11ta Tl Exel XPllOlllonOl11 8d, Tl AE VE Ol npoislaypacpee; YI' au TO TO x6.ptll. MnouToupa: Ma, e~opt6.t at an a TO X6. PT11, E~O PT6Tat ana TIlV KAilloKa, el;optchol ana napa noam npoylla Ta, 6ev IlnopW Twpa va oae; nw ouykekpllleva. np6 ~poc; (ToouAoe;): NO ll i~w, Kuple XQT ~OnOU Ae, av 1l0U emtpeneh:, OTl auto Ilnopeh e va TO ou ~l1ni oete: KaT' 16iav Ile TIlV Kupia MTlO UTOUpa Kat va KaAucp8d TE. EuxaploTw. eo napakaaouoa TOU e; eiotly11te e; nou 8a akoaou8ij OOUV, va TllPi]oouv TO XPOVO Ile npoan08ela va TOV IlELWOOUV Yla va 1111 ~YOUIl E: e~w and TO npoypalllla. rt'l ou v XEla, 11 EnollEvll ELoijYllOTl Eival TOU Kupiou nwpyou XOAapll, ouva6 Acpou aypovollou Tonoypocpou ll11xavlkou Kat xel 8 110: «Ta npotuna avtaaaqylie; l1jllcplakwv 6E6ollevwv Yla XPr10Tl OlO YEwypacp IKcl ouonillata nallpocjloplwv. YnoPxouoa KOTO Olao11, npo~m llata, npoontlkee;". 0&Jja: Ta npotuna QVTaAAQy~C; 4Jl1CJ>LaKWV 0800~tvwv Yla Xpn al1 ata Y8 wypacplkq auol~~qtq nal1pocpoplwv. Ynapxouaa KaTOOTaOT'), npo ~A~ llatq KaL npoontlktc;. ElOTlYTJT~~: r. Xa AapllC;. ATM, r.y. ~. n&piafllilfl H avaykil YIO 610XUOll TTle; XWPIKijC; nallpocjlopiac; au ~clve l IlE yopyoue; pu81l0ue; A6yw au ~Tl OTlC; TWV ecpap 1l0YWV 01 onolee; E~apTWVT at an a Ti:TOlac; 1l0P CPTic; 6EiSo jj.evo. To np O~ All ll0 ovtoaaayijc; 6E6oll VWV ylve Tat OAO Kat mo 0l1lla VTl KO KOl OlOV EAAllVlKO xwpo. r Tllv e:pyooio au Tr1 yiv TOl apxlko Ilia avclau OT) Ta U npol3ali IlOToe; Kat Ilia OUOll1 Il0TlKi] KaTaYP ocp,; TTl C; u napxouoac; KOTOOlOonC;. TOOO OTOV Eupwno'iKo 000 Kat OlO isle8vti xwpo. AVa),.UOVTOl 0ploll vec; enlkpa Tou oec; Ilopcpec; npotunwv KOl OXOAlO~eTaI Tl EAATlVIKij npayilotlkottlto OOOV acpopo TTlV una p ~Tl npotunwv OlO KpiolllO auto Se lla. T Aoc;, 61aTunwvovTOl OPI 0J.l v C; npotoo Ie; Yla TT'fV avtiile:twnl OTl auto u TOU npo~m Il OT Oe;. Eloavwv~ oro npoparlj.la 01 aoxoaoulle:voi Il TTlv nopaywyij, amo Kdlll TTlIlE TOiSoOl1 TllC; XWplKnc: nallpocpopiae;, natlpocpopiac;, is11 AoiSi], n ou avacpepe:tol oe: y ewypacpikou Tunou OVTO TTlT e:e;, OVT lll e: T w ni ~ o u v (5tocpopo npol3mlloto OTOV Xpe: IO~ET Ol va 6l013l13008ei n}'llpocpoplo Tholae; 1l0Pcptic; oe 6laCjlOpeTlKOUe; x pijolee;,; va AllCP8 e:i natlpocpopia ana E:~WTEpl Ke e; nllyec;. Tholec; m:plntwoele; dvol 11 6lovoj.l'; l1jllcplakwv 6EiSoj.levwv ana isopucjloplke c; Anl1JEIC;. ano xaptoypacpl Kec; l1jllcjllakec; KQTaypacp e;. ana l1jllcplako u6poypacpi KO OlOlXEia, ana ~ O OEle; yewypocplkwv nallpocpop lwv nou np oo p i~ovtol Yla E: lisike e; Ecpaplloyec; K.An. To n pwto np o ~ATllla elvol Ko8eauT'; 'l ~ &TaiS o o'l, 611 AQiS,;, '1IlETOCPOpa Tlle; natlpocjloplac; n poe; TOV nopo AliTTTll. 'Eva 6euTE po np6 ~ ATHl Q dvol ylo TOV ano6& KTTJ I va KOTO VOr; O&1 TI EiliouC; na'lpoqlopia X I Aal3&1 KOl tva TpiTO npol3atllla d vat 11 a~ioa6y'lo" TTl e; AT)!p8eioae; nallpocpopiac;, av 6T)A06ti e:[vol KaTaMllAT) Yla TTl ouykekplll VT) ECPOPllovti 'Caov acpopo TO npwto np O ~ A'lll a, TT) , 611 AOI5i], Tll C; nallpocpopiac;, on olo06,;note 1l0PCP'; C; Kl av elvol autti, 8nLTUVXOVeTal Il OW 6laq>opwv T&XVIKWV, 01 onoree; 8~apTw v T Oi ana I5lo!popec; nopall TpOUe;, 6 nwe; 0 OYKOC; TWV lletoq>epoile:vwv 6e6ollevwv, Tl anou 150loTllTQ loue;, 01 anoltlioele; TaU napamtlttj, TO KO

2 2T) KTaKTT) KOOOTJ '95 T XV1KO XPOV1KO 63 m oc:; TWV ~ayvtjtlkwv ~ owv nou XPTJOl~OnOloUVTat K.An. Ta ouyxpova ~ oa, niot)c:;, TT)A ~ TOOOOTJC:; TTJC:; natjpoepopiac:;, avamuooovtal ~ yopyouc:; pu8~ou<; Kat O XWp <; ~ lkavon01tjtlkrl TTJA ntk01vwvlak~ unooo ~Ti O V napouolo~ovtal 0' autov TOV TO~ a otj~avtl KO npo~ati~ata. na napoo ly~a, TJ ~ TOOOOTJ ~ OW 01 8vwv OIKTUWV KOlvTi<; XP~OT)<;, onw<; TO INTERNET Kat ~ OW OTJ~Ooiwv OIKTUWV ~ TOYWYrl<; O OO~ VWV, onw<; TO Heliaspack i) TO GREARN Kat TO ak a6tj ~a'lko BITNET ~ ow TUnOn01TJ~ VWV npwtokoaawv ~8Taepopo<;, 0 nw<; TWV X.25, X300, OI UKOAUVOUV TT) OIOXUOTJ TTJ<; natjpoepopia<; Kat, KaTO ouv n la, TTJ<; natjpoepopia<; nou aepopo y wypaeplkou Tunou OVTOTT)T <;. To O UT PO npo~atj~a Kat TO OT)~aVTlKOT PO, ivat au TO TTJ<; KatavOTJOT)<; and TO XPTiUTTJ TTJ<; ~8Taep p88iot)<; 0' autov natjpoepopia<; Kal anoooot)<; an' autov voti ~ato<; O K08 UT01X io nou TOU ~ Ta~I~OUTT)K. To npo~atj~a auto, TO onoio 8a OOUI-I OTl ivat apk TO OUOKOAO va ntau8 i 8vlaia, ~epavi~ Tat O K08 n oio TTJ<; ~lo~tjxavia<; TTJ<; natjpoepop1ki)<; ~8 olaepo P TlKO, 0l-lw<;, ~a8l-1o OuoKoAia<;. 'Ooov aepopo TO TpiTO npo~at)l-ia, auto TTJ<; KaTOVOTJ OT)<;, aaao Kal KTiI-lTJOTJ<;, 80V Ta ATJep8 vta o oo~ va ivat KaTOAATJAa Yla TTJ OUYK8KP1~ VTJ epap~oyi), Yla TTJV onoia unoti88tat OTl npoopi~ovt al, avtli-i Twni ~ Tat and TTJV I-In lpia TOU Xpn OTT) Kat and TTJV lka VOTTJTO TOU v' avtlaal-l~ov8tat OV TO n pi8x0i-i VO TWV l-i Ta~l~a08 VTWV apx iwv ivat KaTOAAT)AO Kat 0 i010<; va I-Inop i va anavto O PWTi)O I<; TOU Tunou: - Eivat OATJ TJ natjpoepopia nou ~TJTi]8TJK Ota apx ia nou OIa~I~OUTTJKaV; - Eivat TJ akpi~ la autwv TWV UTOlX iwv napki)<; Yla TT)V avoauotj nou npok81tat va KOVW; O Ka Tia, M O 00I-l VO TO UljJT)AO KOOTO<; OT)~loupyia<; XWP1KWV O OO~ VWV, avtlk il-l vo ouvi]8w<; KpaTlKWV unt)p OlWV ~ Kat ~ YOAWV 101WTlKWV opyavlo~wv, ivat oaep <; OTl anatto UVtal Kavov <; ntkolvwviac; Kat 01 8vTi npotuna, WOT TJ a~lonoit)ot) TT)<; unopxouoa<; nat)poepopia<; va yiv Tat and noaaanaou<; Xpi]OT <; Kat yla noaaana <; epap~oy <;. I\oyw, o~w<;, TT)<; aoui-l~atott)ta<; TWV Oiaepopwv OU UTT)I-I0TWV ~ TO~U TOU<;, OOOV aepopo TOV Tpono ~ TOV onoio yypoepovtat ljjt)eplakcl y wypaeplkcl o oo~ va O apx ia Yla avtaaaayi]-~ Taepopo, OT)~IOUpyouVTOI npo~ari~ata ~ KUP10T PO TT)V aouva~ia xpi]ot)<; TT)<; ljjtjeplaki]<; nat)poepopia<; Yla TT) OT)~loupyia TTJ<; onoia<; E:XOUV oanavtj8 i OTJ~aVTlKO noaa. Ta npo~ati~ata 0PXloav va yivovtat VTovoT pa Ka TO TTJV npotjyou~ VTJ n VTa Tia onou KUPlclPXTJ08 T) OT)~loupyia ~ yoawv ~clo WV O OO~ VWV, it ~ OKOno va Xp nol ~ UOOUV UTT) xaptoypaeplki] napaywyi], d T W<; ~aolki] naatepop~a yla TTJV avclntu~tj epap~oywv 1-1 T XvoAoyia r.l.n. Ti:tOI <; ~clo I<; O OO~ VWV OTa naaiola TTJ<; Eupwna'( Ki]<; K01VoTT)Ta<; Xouv avantux8 i OTa naaiola TOU npoypo~~ato<; CaRINE (Coordinated Information for the Environment), TJ ~OOTJ o oo~ vwv and TO npoypa~l-ia ATKIS (Authoritative Topographic-Cartographic Information System) Kat STABIS (Statistical Land use Information System) Kat and TO OTpaTlWTlKO TonoypaeplKO natjpoepop1ko OUOTTJ~a OTTJ r p~avia, TO npoypa~l-ia Yla TT)V avclmu~t) vo<; upwna'lkou ljjtjeplakou OOIKOU XOPTTJ (EDRM, European Digital Road Map) European Territorial Data Base (ETDB), TO 101 Kcl npoypo~~ata avamu~t)<; ljjtjeplakwv o oo~ vwv Yla naoi]ytjotj 0XTJ ~OTWV TTJ<; BOSCH, PH I LI PS, TE LE ATLAS K.An. El wpwvto<; OTl TO npwto npo~atjl-la nou ~epavi~ Tat avtli-l8twni~ tal Kat ntau Tat and TT) ~1O~T)xavia TT)<; TTJA natjpoq>op1kti<;, 8a vtoniooul-i TO npo~atjl-la TTJ<; avtoaaayi]<; 0800I-l VWV OTT) O UT PTJ OUV10Twoa TOU, nou aepopo, Kupiw<;, TTJV avoyktj Yla TTJV nai)ptj KaTa VOTJOT) K ~ pou<; TOU Ai]mTJ TT)<; XWplKn<; natjpoepopia<; nou TOU ~ TOoo8T)K, aaao Kat TT)<; anoooot)<; an' autov OUYK KP11-I VT)<; VVOla<; O K08 UT01X IWO <; TI-lTil-la nou OUV8 T 1 TO OUVOAO TWV 1-18Ta~l~a08 VTWV O OO I-lE:VWV. Eival ukoaa KaTOVOT)TO OTl T) avoykt) YW TunonoiT)OT) TOU Tponou avtoaaayi]<; TWV O OO~E:VWV, nou XPTJOll-I0nOlouVTat yla TT)V avomu~t) epapl-loywv O n pl ~OAAOV r wypaeplkwv ~UOTTWOTWV natjpoepop1wv, au ~OV Tat OlapKW<; O OOI-lE:VT)<; TT)<; ~ yoat)<; ~I-I pa nol KIAia<; TWV 01aTl8E:1-I8VWV OUUTT)I-I0TWV Kal TWV Olaepo P TlKWV Tponwv uaonoit)ot)<;, iow<;, KOIVWV 88WPT)Tl KWV ~OVTE:AWV 00I-lWV O 00I-l VWV. H avtoaaayti TT)<; nat)poepopia<; 0X1I-IOVO I-I oa UTO XWpO TTl<; Eupwna'lKn<; KOlVOTT)Ta<;, amo Katl-l TO~U Upwna"iKwv XwpWV Kat XwpWV O Olaepop T1K <; T)n i POU<;, 8a yiv l ~ia apk8to K01Vi] npo~t) OTTJV no~ vt) L U O'T~IlQTa napaywy~<; AnaiTllaTJ Yla n x m Il TO<jlpaO'T <; ll8ta~u ~la<jlop8t1kwv 1m OTOV ~latie Tal npotuno avtamay~<; LXr1J.1Q 1. LUOT~llaTa napaywy~<; ~TO OXrl~a 1 ivat oaq>ti<; TJ anaitt)oi1 Yla TTJV unap~tj noauapl81-1wv ~ TOeppaOTlKWV (npoypal-l~cltwv), WOT va n1t ux8 i T) I-I TOq>opa O 00I-l vwv, 8VW OTO oxti I-Ia 2 epaiv Tat TJ ~ iwot) TWV anattou\l VWV IOIKWV ~ TOeppamwv anapaittjtwv yla TTJV avtoaaayi] TTJ<; y

3 64 TeXVIKO XP OVlKO 211 tktokti1 EK500l] '95 wypoqjl K~e; nai1p0<pop[oc; nou 5rH.lLoupyeiTOl and Ta OUOTT1I10TO TI1 e; o~aooc; A Yla XP~Ol] OTa OU OT~~OTO Tl1e; ollmae; 8 ~ KOl avtiotpo<pa. To o<peai1 KOI naeovektli llato ana TTl x pnol] evoe; npo TLmou YlO OVToAAoyr; OeoOIlE:vWV Sa Ilnopouoav va OUVOlfJlOSo uv we; e~~e; : - 'Ynop~'l ouvatot'ltoc; o~ lonoillo'le; TWV lfjll<plakwv yewypo<p IKWV oeooljevwv and WI oulll3oto j..l e TO ~U TOUe; OU OT~ 1l0TO, OlOTIlPWVTOe; OTO ake:polo TI1V nallpo<popia nou So n pene l va ll Ta~l~aOTei (yew ~ e TPIK~, TonoAoYlKti K.An.). -liuvototi1to e vow ~..l(hwot]c; nall po<popiae; Yla TllV nolottlta TWV odio ~ tv wv (m etadata information). - MeiwOl] ( e~ l1 eow e; ) TOU KOOTOUe; TWV epyaolwv KOl, ouvenwe;, TOxuTe Pll C; onool3 Ol1 e; isanavwv, a<pou TO OeOO IlE:Va So Ilnopouv va XPllOll10nOlllSoUV ana nomoue; xpnotee;. - liuvo otl1ta evrll1epw OTje; l1iae; ~00l]e; oeis ol1e:vwv a no noaaanm e; TTl1yee;, ap Kei oaee; va unakououv 010 i6lo npotuno. OOIlEVWV eivol buvotov va SewPI1S ei W eva npol3ai nou ouvtis TOl oe Tpia Enlneoo: To npwto Enim: 00 Q(popa OTIl 50l-ln TWV I-IETo l3 t l3a~oi-levwv oe601lt VWV, t o beutepo Tllv OVOYKI1 YIO KOSOPlOI-IO loiwv EV VOIWV OTO npotuno, Ol onoiee; exouv oploeei oe OlO <p opetlko OUOTtll-laTa I-IE I-Ill TO UTOOI11-10 Tpono, KOI TO TpiTo TOV Tpono I-Ie TOV onoio i5 l0q>opetlkee; Eq>OP I-IOyee; evtoooouv TllV iola npayllatlkn OVTOTI1Ta OTO bl KO TO Ue; I-l0VTEAO. rto oxnl-lo 3 <paivovtol auto TO Tpia Enineoo TO onoio XPI1OlI-lEUOUV YIO TOV avaautiko KOI OUOTTl I-I0TlKO TPOno KaS OplOI-I0U EVOe; npotunou OVToAAayne; lfjll<plo KWV yewypo<plkwv oe601-le:vwv. npotuno avtamay~ ~ Luan'wOTO LUCm'H.lOTO nopoy wy~c; ATTairT] OT1 ylo n +m~ TaCjlpOOT ec; TTOPOYWY~C; ~et O~ U ~ lo <p ope TlKWV rm OTOV 5l01igeTOI TTp6TuTTO avtqaaa~e; rxr7j.1q 2. - An o<puyti upyiae; n OAAWV olo<popetlkwv elbl KWV npoypall110twv (l-i eto<ppaotwv) Yla TTl l1eto TponTi TWV lfjl1<plakwv oeool1e:vwv ono Ilia I-Iop<pn oe OAAI1, npoypolll-loto to onoia nomee; <popee; bev ei VOl eu KoAo va eaeyxsouv OUOTIlI-IOTlKO, wote va KO AUITrO UV Ile oo<poaelo TOUe; XPtlOTee; oe OAEe; TIe; npa KtlKO no p O U OlO~O l-l evee; neplrttw Oe le;. Opi~OVTOe;, AOInOV, TIlV EVVOia TOU npotljnou Via Tl"IV ovtoaaavr; IjIIlCPloKWV v wvpacplkwv 6e60lAtvwv EVVO OUlAe TO auvoao autwv TWV Kavovwv!-Ie Til por;9ela TWV onoiwv emtuvxavouia& TIlv oneugeiae; laetatponr; Tile; V C&lvpacpIKr;e; nailpocpopiae; ae nai'ipo <popia npoaneaaollj1'i an' oaoue; TOUe; Xpr;OTte;, OV e ~apti'ito ono TO yewypacplko n AIlPocpoPlwv nou 6la9i:Touv, To povt&ao T~C; avtaaaav~ c; TWV ~& ~OP&VWV To np6 13ATJI,.lo TT1 C; tunonoitjol] C; TTJe; avtoaaaytle; OE- 'ETOI, n pok II-lE:VOU va KaSoploeei TO npotuno avo AiJeTal 11 boi-l~ bebol-le:vwv '1 onoio KO l XP110l1-l0nOldtOl ana TO blo<popo oucrrrwoto. H yvwol] OUTne; TI1C; oollne; So 1-I0C; KoSopioel OTl TO OUYKeKpll-IE:VO VOUI-IEpo, n.x. OVTLOTOIXEi OTll X OUVTeTaYIlEVll Ev6C; Ol1 IlEi OU KOI 0Xl OTOV na1l8uoi-i0 Ev6e; OlKlOI-I0U. To J..IOVTEAO onelkovlol]e; TllC; XWplK ~e; nailpoq>opioe; Ei Val ouvatov oe bla<popetlko OU OTtlllOTO va eivol <popetlko, evw So npe:nel CPUOlKO ana t o OUOTll1-10 V' 0 voy vwpi~etoi I-Ie evloio Tpono. n o napobelyi-i0, TO nwe; 0' evo rin KoSopil, TOl E:VO no'\uywvo, bev e:ivoi TO iblo. L' E:VO OUOTlll-10 A I-Inopd auto va K080pil, TOl we; Il em<povelo nou OVTlOTOlXe:l oe ilia VPOl-ll-lcilV, Ol onoie e; Ko80pil,oVTOl oacpwc; KQI elvol opyavwj.leve c; Ile T&TOlO Tpono, wote va e xouv novto auttlv Tllv Emcpov eto OTO " o e~ IO" TOUe; (TonOAoYlKO), ~ ono YPOllllee; Oo<pcUe; K080 piolleve e; 01 onoiee; nepl~oaaou V TllV em<povelo, ~ KOnwe; ~ lo cpopetlko. r e OAec; TlC; neplrttwoelc; to npotuno eo npen 1 va ovoyvwpi ~ e l Tll V nai1pocpopio, OTl OU ~ II OVTOTll TO onot Aei Ilia e:mcpuvelo, ov e ~aptl1t O 0 no TO ~ IQ<POPETlKO OUOTtlllOTO ono TO onoio npoepxetoi KOI va TI1V KwoIKonold Ile EVIOio Tpono. Ti:Aoe;, TO TpiTO EninEbo oxe:ti~etoi I-IE TOV Tp6no I-Ie: TOV ono[o blocpopetlk ec; e: q>oplloyee; j3mnouv TTJ V i ~lo OVTOTl1TO TOU npoyilotlkou xwpou, onwc;, YlO nopa 15eIYIlO, II XPtlOl] I-IlOe; YP0l-lllne; we; UKToYP0l-ll-ltle; xwpic; va Iloe; evolocpe:pel TO eil5oc; TOU U06.TlVOU 0<1> <; TO onoio neplkae:iel (notoi-ii, 8UAQOaO K.An.). AUTO KOSOpi~eTal on6 TO I-I0VTeAO TO U natlpoq> oplokou I-Ioe; au

4 TexvlKa XpOVlKa 65 OT~I-IQTOC; oe OXEOll I-Ie TOV njno TllC; e<papl-loy~c; nou ava<pepol-iaote. Me ~aol1 autec; TlC; 8ewp~oelC; I-Inopoul-le va 01l1-1l0Upy~ooul-le elolko npoypal-il-lqta «1-I Ta<ppaOTEC;» Yla Tll l-i Ta~aOl1 ana TO Eva OUOTlll-1a OTO oho. H avoykll d VOl <pavep~ I-Ila KOl oev dvol OUVQTOV OAOl Ol xp~otec; va ola8etouv TO iolo OUOTlll-1a oloxdplol1c; yewypo<pl K~C; n Allpo<popioC;. To KOOTOC; ~rnjloupviac; «~&TaTpOn&WV)) KQTaOKeUO~ovTOC; EVa npotuno avtohoy~c; OeoOI-lEvwv l-ieto~u ola<popetlkwv OUOTlll-10TWV dvol OUVQTOV va nopouola080uv olo<popec; neplmwoelc;. - LTllV npwtll nepimwoll novto unopxel TO looouva 1-10 OTO OUOTlll-10 unooox~c;. H l-i To<ppaOll eow I-Inopd va 8ewP1l8d ona~. - No I-Illv unopxel looouvawl EvvOla OTO OUOTIlI-IO u nooox~c;. TOTe ~ aut~ unoaoyi~ TOl, nx TOnoAoyio I-Ie emnpo08 T0 KOOTOC; ~, eov oev unoaoyi~ TOl, II l-i To<ppaOl1 oev dvol ouvatov va emt Ux8el. n.x., Eva DXF apxdo oev EXel TOnoAoyio. Eov, 0I-lWC;, ou T~ eivol OUVQTOV va unoaoyl08d, TOTe II l-i Ta<ppo 011 0' Eva TOnoAoYlKO TumKo OlOVuOl-laTlKO ILn eival OUVOT~. - To OUOTlll-1a unooox~c; oev unootllpi~el TllV Evvola aut~. TOTe, npo<pavwc;, i:xoul-ie onwa la nallpo<popiac; KOl na~pllc; l-ieto<popo oev dvol OUVQT~. nx, ono Eva TonoAoYlKO TumKo OlOVU ol-iatiko ILn oe CAD ouotlll-1a. L K08 nepimwoll TO KOOTOC; avomu~llc; I-I TaTpOn wv eivol 0lll-1aVTlKO ovoaoya I-Ie TO ~o81-10 OUOKOAiac; nou avtll-letwni~etoi. npokell-li:vou va 01l1-110upY1l8el tva TETOlO npoypal-l 1-10 Ol ~aolk C; npooloypa<p c; TOU av0<p povtol OTO mo KOTW Ol1l-1do: - OTO OUOTll1-10 ava<popoc;, - OTOV Ka80plOl-iO OVTOT~TWV, - OTllV TO~lVOI-l1l01l OVTOT~TWV oe ol-looec; ovoaoya I-Ie TO yewi-i TplKO TOUC; OX~I-IO, - OTa 8el-lOTlKO TOUC; xapaktllpiotlko, - OTlC; ox oelc; l-ieta~u TWV OVTOT~TWV, - OTOV Ka8oplOl-iO TllC; emna OV nallpo<popiac; nou np n l va ouvoo uel TO Oe00I-lEVa auto', TOV TPOno KwolKonoillOl1C;, Tll 001-l~ TWV opxdwv, TO l-i TaOOOllC;, TOV Tpono l-i TaOOOllC; K.An. Vncpxouoa KaTcoTaOI'J LTOV nivako nou akoaou8d el-l<povi~ovtol OUVOnTlKa, I-Ie ~00l1 TO oeo0l-l va nou unopxouv aut~ Tll OTlYI-I~, TO olo<popa npotuna avtoaaay~c; tvll<plakwv yewypa <PIKWV O 00I-lEVWV OTlC; olo<popec; XWP C; TllC; EupwnllC;, aha KOI oe UpwnoYK C; xwp C;. nivakac; unapxovtwv nponjnwv avtaaaay~<; y&wypaq>ikwv 6&6oIJEVWV Xwpa OVOllaoia Opyavloll C; Eq>apllo(oll VO napatilp~o lc; npotunou npotuno ISO repilavia ATKIL AdV E<papIl6~eTOI Yla HIV KwolKOnoil]OTJ KOI avtoaaayti lieliollevwv ae XOPTE~ 1:5000 Avv'Aia NTF OS ISO 646 B57567, REV 2.0 AIlEPlK~ SOTS VPF USGS, DMA 8211,646,6093 FIPS 173, DMA DOC, DLG-E llutlk~ Eupwnll ETF MEGRIN CERCO 8211 USGS 8211,646,6093 MIL-STO NATO DIGEST NATO DGIWG 8211,646,6093 Ynoauvo'Ao TOU SOTS BOSCH, PHILIPS K.'An GDF Project Demeter K.'An. 646 Baai~ TOI OTO NTF Kavaoa~ MDIF OMNR 8211 E<papIl6~eTal OTl]V no'aiteia TOU OVTOPIO llavia SAIF w~ SAIF 2.0 (MOIO~ 1993). DV-90 IHO MnoooOTJ ulipoypa<pikwv n'al]po<popiwv MDIF(MACDIF) FOe ylq xaptoypa<piko, xaptoypa<piko lielioll va DSFL ra'a'aia EDIGEo CNIG 1. n a Trl OTwaaia Tile; auvoo UTlK~e; nailpo<j>opiae; (metadata) ae yewypa<j>iko XWPIKO oeool-le:va ~AE:n e;, n paktlko ana TO Information Exchange Forum on Spatial Metadata, June 16-18, 1992, USGS Reston Virginia.

5 66 Te:xvlKQ XPOV lko To npotuno outa 6&WPOUVTOl TO mo orh.lovtlko xwp ie; auto va OT] jjaive:l OTI 6&v unopxouv Kat OAAO npdtuno Ta anoia e: cpap jjol;ovtal, OIlW e;, oe: IllKPOTe:PIl 1'1TOmKTi KAilloKa. AVOAUTlKOTe:pO Il KOTOarOOT] EX l we; e:~r; e: : BoptlO AlltPIK~ H mo OT]llaVTlKr; 60UAe:LO EX&1 y[ve:1 ana TT1V E8vlKr; YI111Pe:oio Yla TIlv Tunonoilloll TWV ~IlCPl O KW V XapToypaqllKwv ~&60IleVWv (NCOCOS)[4). Il onoio npot&lve: TO 1988 Eva npotuno Yla TIlV ovtoaaoyr; TWV ljjll<pio KWV XOptOYPO<PIKWV o&60ilevwv. napoaail AO, uni}pxe ana Ta JJEoa TOU1980 jjlo npoon69 :la Tile; Federallnteragency Committee on Digital Cartography (FICCOC). To 1988 Kat TO Mo npot&ivoil VO npotuna en~ 8 T]oQv unoljjn JJI0C; KOLVr;C; &mtponi}e; (TIlC; Digital Cartographic Data Standards Task Force, 1988) 11 onoio eix& npot&[ Ve:l TO SOTS (Spatial Data Transfer Specification), TO 0 noio, o<pou ovaae:wprl8l1 Ke:. r; 6l1 EX&l Ka8l pw8&i oov &8VlKO standard Ile: IOXU ano TO le: ~pouoplo TOU To SOTS e:mtpene:l TIlV OVToAAayr; ljjll<jllokwv XWPIKWV 6e:60 I-lEVWV oe Ilia nolklaia formats IJ ETO~U WI o UIl ~ O TWV Ile:Ta~u TOUe; OUC1TT)IJOTWV Kat d vat e:l6lkct oxe: 610otlEVO, ware: va &lval 6U VOTOV E:U KOAO va Ilnopouv v' ovomux80uv jje:to<ppoolee: (encordesldecoders), u noc1tt)pil;e:tol, oe, ana TT]V USGS. EniOT]e;, unapxe:l KOl TO VPF Format, TO onoio unoc1tt) p[l;etol ana TIlV DMA. Me ~ OOT] auto TO format EX&1 e KTeAeo8e:i TO npoypolllla DCW (Digital Chart of the World) TO onoio txel riot] KUKO<pOpr;OE:l oe: cd- roms. KavoMc; }:TOV Kavaoo 1.1e: EVTovll l)pootilplotl") TO OlOV TOlleo auto, UrtOPXel TO npotuno MDIF (n pwllv MACDI F), TO on oio, KUp [We;, e:cpap jjol; ToI ano TT] v no AlTeio TOU OVTOpLO. Eni OTle:, unopxouv TO npotuno CCOGIF (Canadian Council on Geomatics Interchange Form at) Kat TO npo Tuno SAIF (Spatial Archive and Interchange format). To npotuno SAIF ano,e:ael jjlo ~at pe: Tt Kri npoon68e:la TunonoiT]OT]e; TOU Tponou opxe:l08ett]0llc: KOI jjetooo OT]C; TIle; nailpocpopiae;, ono u a urti VOeLTOl 0Tr! ouv8& TIl j.l0pcpr; nou tx&l 010 n&pli3oaaov voc: r r n Kat a KOAu8&i TO 01e: 8vri npdtuno, n.x. ISO 8211 YlO TO cpu DlKO IlEOO l-letocpopae;. To Te:MuTaio O)( 6to TOU SAIF KUKAOCPOPIlOe: TOV Au YO UOTO TOU 1991, OTr!v npwtil TOU f:k000t]. EniOlle;, unopxet Kat TO n poluno Tile; Yopoypacp tkt1e; YTlTJ peoioc; (FEOYD) TO onoio Kal ul08e:tr; 8l1Ke: TO 1987 YlO Tl") IlE:T60oOT] TWV ljjll CPlOKWV uopoypaqllkwv n"llpo<po Pl WV (CEDD, 1986). Eupwnrt rtl1v Eupwnll unopxouv olocpopa ev XP~ OE:I npchuna Ta otloia KOI avo<p&povtat nom OUVTOIlO OTTl OUV& xelo. rttj V AYYAlo Exel K09 1e: pw8et TO n potuno NTF (National Transfer Fo rm at) ana T11v Ordnance Survey, TO onolo EXe:l unoote:( ola <pope: c; Ile:TOTponEe; TO TE: Ae utalo 3-4 XPOVlO. H Llavlo XPTJoq.lonOle:L TO DSFL, Il re: p~o v io TO ATKIS KQt Il rahlo TO EDI GEO. n OpaHT)AO, 01 Xwpe:e; TOU NATO ar11 I-l &TO~U TOUe; Em KOIVWV[O XPl1011l0nOlOUV TO npotuno DIGEST, TO 0 nolo O)(eoloo8T)K 0Xl IlOVOV YIO OTPOTlWTlKOUe; OKOnoue:, aha Kat Yla XPt1OT] ono noaltlkte; utlllpeoiee;. ITO rt" OlotO TaU npoyp0i-liloto EUREKA Il Philips Kat n Bosch t xouv O)(&OlOOe:1 eva format, TO GO F nou!30 oil;e:tol, KUp[We;, aro NTF YIO TT] Ile:T01500T] Tl1e; nat) po <poploe; nou txe:l O)(t OT] 11& I5e:O Oj.lEVO nao~ Y IlOT]e; au TO KlVTJ TWV I-le: XPTJOllljJIl<Pla Kwv!3ooe: wv Ol) lkou OIKTUou. Iu~m:paOIlOTa - npotootlc; Elval cpave:po OTl Il u nap~ l1 no}..awv n potunwv oe:v OUj..I~ O He:l art] OICtXUOT] Kat OIOKiVTJOT] TIle; YE:WYPCl<pl Kn nat)po<popioe;, onopolttjttle; Yla TIl V ovom u ~1l e: <popjjoywv OE: TOTll KO, E:8 VIKO, o}..ao Kat noykoolllo e: nineoo. 0 1 avtohoyee; ljjl1<pta KWV ye: WypOcpt KWV oe: /SOj.lt vwv YlVOVTat ma 0& OUXVOT&pOU e; pu8jjoue; KOl TO npo!3at1 jjota 8' a U~T) e ()U V aro j.le AAOV jje: T11 V TOOT] nou OUv e:xw C; napotllpe:itm TT)e; au~ T]OT]e; TO U puallou e:too/sou VEWV OU OTTJ jjotwv 0TllV ayopa TWV rrn. Ta KOlva npoyp0l-ljjato ora naaiola TWV OIOCPOPWV e:upwno'(kwvnpwto!3oualwv avcmru~n e; Til e; n:xvoaoyioe; OU IJ. f36houv oe: OAOEva BVTOVOTe:PIl avtom oyn l)e: OOj.lEVWV, KaTO TO nae:lotov, jj&tal;u aoujj!3otwv au CJTT] j.lotwv E:lOlKO oe: nove:ntottt I-lIOKO &Tllne /S o onou u nopxouv IJ.Il E:j.lnOplKO&KIl&ToA},e:uoq..lO OUOn'lI..10TO oe: j.leyo"o a pl8llo. H unopl;tl, 0llwe;, noau Op l8ijwv npotunwv OUYXEel TTlV KOTOOTOOIl Kat, Kupiw e;. TOUe; TeAIKOUe; XPTJare: e;, oha Kat TOUe; un e:u8uvoue; TWV unt]pe:olwv nou nopoyouv oeoolj.t va, np008e:tovtae;, eniot]e:, Oll IlOVTlKO KOOTl") ylo T11v avom u ~1l l ETOlWV OU OTll~.1I 0TWV KwoIKonoill OT]c;/on OKwoIKOnoiT]OT] TIl e; nailpo<po piae;. Ot ~ao l Ko i noikte:e; 0' auto TO «nolxvloi» Tl") e; avtaa AaYrie; TWV noautlilwv Oe:OOIlEVWV ei'vol: - 01 KPOTtKSC; un11 Pe:oie:e; no u np0l-lll ee:uou V TO XWPl KO lseoo lj.evo, nou avtln poowrre:uovtol ana TOU e; U m:u6uvoue; Ol OXe: lplot E:e; l)e:oo jje:vwv (GI S data managers). - Ot KOTOOK e: UOOT&e: AOYl0l..IlKOU YlO rrn (GIS ven dors) XPTJ are:e;, otolla TJ utltjpe:oiee; nou KOVOUV xpr;ot] TWV Oe:OOIJEVWV. E6w nopotllpe:itol Eva O)(T'jllo, onou, 01 Ile:v Xpt1 0Te:e; ouvl18 1~o uv va M youv: «val, 90 TO XPT] Ol I-lOnOlTJOWE <paoov TO AOYLOlllKO nou XPTJOlIlOTlOIW TO oi08etei», Kat 01 KaTOOK UOOTEC; AOyt0I-IlKOU navtouv OTt: «val, ea TO & V TO~W aro O UOTIl ~O jjou, e<pooov TO ~Il TOU V Ot xpnon:c;». TEAOe;, Ol OloxelplOTSC; TWV l)e:l)ollevwv l)ev exo LJV TIl V TOOT] va OIOVE: j.lo UV Oe:OO j.l va oe formats

6 T8XVl KQ XPOVIKa 67 TO onoia tj8v dvat tjuvatov va XP'l0l1.lOnol'l80uv ana TOUe; xp~ot8e;. o cpauaoe; autoe; KUKr..Oe; tj8v 8ivat 8UKOr..O va Kr..d08l i.lla Kat unopxouv VTOV8e; T008le; npow81l0fle; tjlqcpo PWV formats KaTaoK8uamwv, Ol n8plooot8po l TWV 0 noiwv tjev anokar..umouv Kat T'l tj OIlr1 TWV 8ltJlKWV ap Xdwv nou KQTaypocpouv T'lV 4J'lCPlOKn nr..'lpocpopio. H r..uofl dvat Ilia npootj UTIKn nopda npoe; vlaia (~ OT'lV Kar..uT8P'l n8pimwo'l vlaio) n potuna. 'Eva napatj IYlla dvat 'l u108 T'l0fl TOU all plkavlkou npotunou SOTS (Spatial Data Transfer Specification), 'l tjlatjoo'l TOU onoiou v8appuv Tat 118 or..oue; TOUe; TPO noue; Kat 8a X8l unoxp8wtlk~ loxu ana TO <D8~pOUCt PlO TOU EniOfle;, i:xouv Kr..'l8 d Or..OI 01 KamOK Uami:e; va tjla8 00uv npoypqilllqta Il Ta CPpaolle; ana Kat npoe; TO SOTS. H anait'loll TWV XP'lOTWV Yla ul08et'loll npotunwv 80 np n l va dvat i:vtov'l TO 8nolleva XPovla, tjlotl cpai V Tat OTl dvat 'l Ilov'l nou Ilnopd va Ilac: tj lqcpur..a~8l ana anwr.. la n8vtj tjull VWV XP'lllaTWV O ~tj'l napax8 vm tj8tjolli:va, ar..r..o Kat va 8~Ol KO VOIl'l80uv Xlr..lOtJ8 e; av8pwnowp e; nou tjanavouvtol ylq T'l tjla 1l0PCPW0'l KOTO n8pimwofl npoypallllatwv-ll Tacppamwv Yla avtlil TWmoll all80wv ovaykwv <Daiv Tat, nio'le;, OTl dvat avaykaio, 118 l 1lV npoontl K~ vap~'le; TOU KT'lllaTor..oyiou, avtr..wvtae; ana T'l YVWOT~ Ili:XPl Twpa lln8lpia 08 Or..r..8e; XWp 8e;, va 0 nocpaoioouil8 Kat va ul088t~00uil Kat8i.l8ie; E: va n po Tuno avmr..r..ay~e; tj8tj0il VWV 08 8VlKO 8nin tjo, 0 V ~apt'lto ana TO format onolou tj~no T8 KaTaOK uam~, npayilo nou 80 tjl8ukor..uv 1 TIlv avtamay~ TWV 4J'lcplaKwv tj tj0il VWV, ar..r..a Kat 80 IllltJ8Vi08l TO npo ~MllaTO nou oiyoupa 80 napouola080uv mo llemov ana T'l XP~Ofl tjlacpop8tlkwv Il'l OUIl~QTWV OUOT'lIlO TWV ana opyavlolloue; - un'lp80i EC; n ltjiwt8e;. H 8mr..oy~ TOU KQTar..r..Ilr..ou npotunou Kat 'l e VTa~~ TOU OT'lV r..r..'lvik~ npayllatlkot'lto Ilnopei va yiv81 Il Ta cino ilia OUOT'lllaTlK~ 1l8r..ET'l TWV unopxovtwv npo Tunwv Kat tjlqllopcpwo'l Illae; ouyk8kpllli:vi1e; npoto Ofle; ana ltjik~ mtpon~ 08 U AOYO XPOVIKO ~ l aot1l 110, 'l onoia Kat 8' onot8r YIC TOV 8r..r..'lVIKO Xwpo TO npotuno avmmay~e; 4J'lCPIQK WV tj8tj0llevwv ylq XP~oll OTa r WypacplKa 2Um~IlOTa n r..rjp0cpoplwv, ar.. Aa Kat om ovolla~oll va L uanillom n r..'lpocpopiwv rile;, ouot~llata Tunou AM/FM K.r..n. Mia anon8lpa Yla T'l OUV880fl-tJlalloPCPwOfl 8VOe; 8r.. r..l1vlkou npotunou avtomay~e; 4J'lCPlaKwv tj tj0lle vwv eylv om nr..aiola TOU P UV'lTlKOU py ou «6.l8 P8 u v'lofl 1l 8otJwv ll'lxavopyovwolle; KT'lllaTor..oyiou Ka l Ta~lVoll'lOfle; ouvacpwv nr..'lpocp op lwv YIle; OTIlV n plcpi:p la Tile; K8VTpIK~e; MOK8tJoviae;»[1]. 80 Ilnopouo, T8r..IKa, va unootil PlX8d OTl TO 1li:r..r..OV tj v av~k 1 08 Ilia Un8pKQTavor..wOfl tj tjoil VWV, ama O ilia OT~ P I~1l npct~ wv avtomaywv Kal tjlolloipao'l TWV unapxovtwv tj8tjoili:vwv 118 tjlqllopcpwoil AOYlKWV TlIlWV ana roue; npoil1l8 ut C; Kat, nponavtwv, OTIlV emkolvwvia Kat 8VIlIl PWOIl ll8ta~u TWV XPIlOTWV. B I ~ Alov p aq>ia 1. Br..axoe; K. O. 1992, 6.L8P8Uvll0'l 1l88otJwv IlllxavopyovwOfl<; KTIl IlQTOr..oyiou Kat TO~IVOI1'lOlle; OU Vocp WV nr..'lpocpopiwv YIle; mllv n8plcpep8la K 8VTpIK~e; MaK tjovioc;. EpeuvIlTlKO npoypal1llo EE K-OKXE, 8eooar..O ViKIl Canadian Council on Surveying an d Mapping, 1989, National Standar cl s for the exch ange of digital topographi c data, Vol I, Part III, Standard EDP file exchan ge format for digital topographic data, ver 1.2, EMR, S herbrooke, Quebec SOTS standard, 1992, FIPS 173 National Information service (N TIS) Springfiled Virginia. 4. Digital cartographic Data Standards Task Force, The proposed Standard for Digital Cartographic Data, American Cartographer 15(1), Geographic Data Files (GDF), proposed by Philips Internat ional BV and R. Bosch GmbH, Eindhoven Working Party to produce National Standards for the Transfer of Digital Map Data, National Transfer Format (NTF), Southampton UK, Nancy Tosta, 1992, Data, Data, GIS Standards, Geo Info Systems Vol 2, # 9 October P. Cro swell, 1990, Computing Standards and GIS A tutorial, URISA 1990 Proceedings. 9. D. Mc Kellar, 1989, An Architecture for the Exchange of Geographical Data, Symposium on Geo Info Systems, SHAPE Technical Centre, The Hague, NL 10. ISO 8211, Specification for a Data Descriptive File for Information Exchange, n piu:6poc; (I\. Toour..oe;): EuxaploTw TOV K. Xar..OPIl. Enoll voc; 810llYllT~e; dvol 0 K. MavLOTIle;, 8niKoUpOe; Ka8'lYIlTr;<: T'le; nor..ut XVIK~ C; LxoMc; TOU AplOToTer..810U n Ov8ntoT'llliou 0 00ar..oviK'le; i:1l0 : «LV'lqlltJWTa Y8wypacplKO OUOT~llam nr..'lp ocpoplwv KOl Ter..O C; AKiv'lT'l C; n eplouoiae;». MavIOTIlC;: AyonllToi cpir..ol, 80 08~aoTw, 8ivOl ana Tle; r..iy8 C; cpo p e; nou 80 TO KOVW, 80 o [3amw T'lV KKr..'lall TO U n po8tjp iou, r..ni~w OTl tj ev 80 napw navw 0 no r..ema, TO KCtVW eok81l1l va 0llwe;, i:xw OKOno.