Effects of hab ita t heterogene ity on forest comm u- n ity d iversity in D inghushan B iosphere Reserve

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1 Gu ihaia 23 ( 5 ) : , 2, ,,, ( 11, ; 21, ) : > > >, Shannon2W iener,,, %, % : ; ; ; ; ; : Q 14512, : A : (2003) Ξ Effects of hab ita t heterogene ity on forest comm u- n ity d iversity in D inghushan B iosphere Reserve PEN G Shan2jiang 1, 2, HU AN G Zhong2liang 13, XU Guo2liang 1, OU YAN G Xue2jun 1, ZHAN G Ch i 1 ( 11D ing hushan A rboretum, S ou th Ch ina Institu te of B otany, A cad em ia S inica, Zhaoqing , China; 21F oshan Institu te of E nv ironm ental P rotection, Fo shan , China ) Abstract: Based on long2tim e investigation of perm anent p lo t in D inghushan B io sphere R eserve, w e detected the effects of hab itat heterogeneity on p lan t comm un ity diversity. R esu lts indicated that diversity index show ed a great difference in different fo rest comm unities that caused by variation of habitat attributes. Com 2 m unity diversity o rder co rrelated w ith topography attributes w as: southern expo sure> no rthern expo sure, low 2 er slope > m iddle slope > upper slope. D iversity index show ed a tendency that value of diversity index de2 creased w ith increasing elevation, though linear co rrelation betw een them w as no t cleaṙ R esults of p rincipal analyses show ed that disturbance regim es and expo sure w ere the impo rtant facto rs as the first had effects on comm unity diversity, and its contribution is up to %. T he second p rincipal (contribution is up to % ) m ay reflect so il types and elevation gradient co rrelated w ith com 2 m un ity diversity. Key words: so il types; species diversity; D inghu shan; topography characteristics; elevation gradien t; distu r2 bance regim es (Cham bers, 1990; P ringle, 1990) : : : ( ) ; (KZ9512B 12110) : (19782),,, 3

2 392 23,,, m, m, 30 45, (Eh renfeld, 1995; N akam u ra, 1997) M Jm 22 a 21, 1 ( ), 433 h, 20. 9, (1 ), (7 ) (Sak io, 1997;,,, 2002;, 1995; Stoh lgren, 1998) mm,, 3 8, 75%, % mm, 81. 5% (, 1982), m 2, (2, 1 ), (, 1982), (Castanop sis ch inensis) ( C ryp toca ry a ch inensis ) ( Cy a thea (, 2000) p od op hy lla) ( ), (C ryp toca ry a concinna) ( ) (, 1987;,, 2000) (20 m 20 m ) 30 m 5 ( 5 ), 1,, 5,,,, m, ,, N, E hm 2,, 2 : (1) Sim p son : D = 1-2P 2 i ; (2) Shannon2W iener

3 5 : 393 : H = 22P ilnp i, P i (R hod od end ron ting huense ) (M iscan thus ( ) (, 1997) f lorid u lus) ,,,, Shannon2W iener, 1, D PS ,,,, (S y zy g ium jam bos) (C leistoca ly x,,,,, op ercu la tus), (F icus, nervosa) (Ca ry ota och land ra) ( ), 1 F ig. 1 1 Effects of topography location on species diversity in D inghushan p lant comm unities H = Shannon2W iener index; D = Simp son diversity index. 1 T able 1 Effects of expo sure on species diversity of two comm unities in D inghushan monsoon evergreen broad2leaved fo rests Expo sure South North L ayer Shannon Index Simp son Simp son Index Species T ree layer Shrub layer Herb and seedling layer T ree layer Shrub layer Herb and seedling layer : : m 2 ; 120 m 2 ; 50 m 2 No te: P lo t area: T ree layer= m 2 ; Shrub layer= 120 m 2 ; Herb and seedling layer= 50 m 2.

4 ,,, 5,,, ,, 300 m, 980 m ( ), F ig. 2 2 Effects of m icro2topography on species diversity of monsoon evergreen broad2leaved fo rest F ig. 3 3 Effects of so il types on p lant comm unity diversity 3 Shannon2W iener Sim p son,, Shannon2,, W iener, 1 Shannon2W iener 3. 4, Shannon2 W iener,

5 5 : 395,, %, %, % 19. 2, -,, 81% , 5,, 4 F ig. 4 Effects of m icro2scale of elevation on species diversity in D inghushan fo rest B road2leaved m ixed fo rest; M onsoon broad2leaved fo rest 1; 2 M onsoon broad2leaved fo rest 2. F ig. 5 5 Change of species diversity indices of comm unities along the elevation gradient 3. 5,, 3. 6, 2,,, %, % 6,

6 (Stoh ltren, 1998), %,, 4 (R eyo lds, 1997; L i, 1995),, T itu s (1990),, 6 Johnes (1994), F ig. 6 P lant comm unity diversity indexes in different, distu rbance regim es of D inghu shan evergreen fo rests N akash izuka (1995) Characteristic facto rs 2 T able 2 R esults of p rincipal analyses The first The second The third The fourth The fifth The sixth Expo sure Topographic location F ine2scale elevation M o isture M iddle2scale elevation So il types D isturbance regim e Characteristic values Rates (% ) (% ) Cum ulated contributions ,,,, > >, (M o ral, 1978),, (

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