9tlJa: Pareto: avaaucj11 KaTa l11v napaaa~n npoiavtwv ana unokata

Transcript

1 8 TeXVKO XPOVKO Uj.lnepaOj.laTO KaTaMlo Via etalpeiee: ~e oacpli acpooiwo' oe Se ~atq nolotlltae:. KaTaMlo Via etalpeiee: nou 0 uneusuvoe: TOU epyou txel au~l~tvee: e~ouoiee: evavt TWV omwv TlllllOTWV. KaTaMlo Via etalpeiee: nou eivallleoaiou i lkpou llevesoue:. KaTaMlo Via nalpeiee: nou aev me~ovtal Via Tlv ecpapllovli Tile: motonoillo'e: revkg OUnepilOOTO H emoyli Tle: KaTaMlle: OTpaTllVKr,e: eival lalai Tepa O'llaVTKrllle oacptie: emrnwoele: OTl alopkela Kal TO KOOTOe: TOU epvou. EiVGl Emovr, nou vivetal OTlv apxr; TOU epvou. Eival emovn nou OTlpi~eTal OTa lalaitepa xapa KTlPOTKO Tile: etalpeiae:. ae: euxaplotw. npocapoc; (eeocpavonouoe:): EuXaploTOUlle TOV K. KaveMnouo. 'Hall ei~aote XPOVKO OTl M~l Tile: ouveapiao'e:. Sa Enpene va eillaote KavovlKa OTe: e pwtr)oele:. napakaw TOUe: auo enollevoue: o~lltee: Kal ouvaaecpoue:. OTO ~ttpo TOU auvatou. va oea OTOUV TO XPOVO. VlaTi TO npoeapeio exel KuploeKT Ka acponotei ana Te: npollvou~evee: elo'ylioele: Ol 0 noiee: r,tav npawatka napa nou UqlOU enm&aou Kal. eno~evwe:. ~ae: acponloan oe SellaTa napt~a- 0'e: Vla Tlv Tr)PTO' TOU Xpovou. 0 eno~evoe: O~llTr)e: &ivat 0 K. a~akte:. dvgl lllxavoovoe: ltxavlkoe: a no Tlv EMTvlKrl eponoplkr; lollllxavia. ea avarnu~&l TO St~a: «Pareto: avauo' KaTo Tlv napaai np0'iovtwvano unokataokeuaotec:;». 9tla: Pareto: avauc KaTa lv napaa~n npoavtwv ana unokata, OKeuaOTe~. ElOTlYT'T~~: E. a~akf~, MM, E... nepillll otltae: akolla Kat an~epa unotlllll~tvo epvaeio a Kupiee: Kat KUPlO, Kalantpa. 'Eva ano Kat anoteeollatlko, ama OTOV E&YXO nol- vauo'e: TWV anw&wv nou npokaouvtal ano eow TeplKee: (OTlV ETGlpeia) Kal &~WTepldc:; anoppiqelc:; Kat ocpallata TOU T&KOU npol:ovtoc:;. Eival avouo' nivokoc;. KaTllyopia G!pCllaTWY V po C; paputltac; 00 Eni6paGil NY G!pCllaTWY GT tltoupykotltg cpalloto nou em~lopewvovrql eukoa Kal ~ev txouv eni~poot 0 O'uvaploMYlOT TOU TeKou npolovtoc;. cpgllata nou KQVOUV MO'KOl Til O'uvaplloMYlOT. cpallota nou KOelCTOUV amvalt lt auvapllomylot. cpallata nou npokaouv ao'toxia TOU npo'iovtoc;. ". ~,,'. - ~,- ''" -

2 Noell '9 TtXVlKCt XPOVlKCt 8 nivakac;. EaTTWllaTKO anciptlo PN neplypacpi) Ei6oC; ocpciliatoc;. VTllpie; - Tpum:c; EKTOC; avoxwv (~EYaUTEpEe;) 9. paxiovae; ~TQCPOp6c; - EaTTW~aTlKOC; cpoptiou 0. KaTOl oupo~evt pa~~oc;. MeOTl oup6~evt pa~~oe; ya~avo~oc; cpciq OlloC; aputllta XapaKTlPloTKci ocpciliatoc; UPOocpaliciTwv E OllllEiwv - EaTTw~aTK~ npoolaoia D ~ETa TO ya~avo~o - Tweia ektoe; aeoeolc; - napa~opcpolotl 6yOl F 60 ~etacpopae; - ~laolaoelc; EKTOC; avoxwv cpa~ata ouykomtotlc; C V 00 - Tpa~ee; ouykomr;oelc; Ola KO~~aTla - MT EmTpenO~evT H V 00 ouv~eotl TOlV Ko~~aTOlv - ~laolaoelc:; EKTOC; avoxwv - EaTTOl~aTlK~ npoolaoia 0 00 D ~eta TO ya~avolo. Pa~~oc; aykupolotle; - EaTTOl.lOTlKOc; yajavl~oc; E 0 - cpallata ouykomtotle; C V 00. ~aywvla - ~laolaoele; EKTOC; avoxwv OUPOlEVT pa~~oc; - cpallata ouykomtotle; C V Tpa~Ol~a OlO KO~llaT MT emtpeno~evt H V 00 ouv6eotl TOlV KOl~aTlwV. ~aywvta pa~60e; - EaTTOlllaTKOe; E 8 0 ya~avo~oe; 6. "o~~ pa~~oc; - ~laolaoelc; EKTOe; avoxwv 7 7. KMETT pa~~oe; - Maoe; oxt~la G 6 8. Pa~6oe; 06TlYOC; - EaTTwlaTKOc; E,- ~-,~,~, Ya~aVO~oc; - ~laolaoelc; EKTOC; avoxwv cpallata OUYKOTOTle; c napa~opcpolotl 0 yeolletplkou oxnllatoc;..

3 86 TeXVKO XPOVlKO Noel - aek llploc; '9 EaTTwpOTKO anapto PN cpapa XapaKTPOTKa OcpapaTOC; n&plypa.~ Ei~oc; acpapatoc; Ulpo- aputta lopoc; OcpalaTWV olp&iwv 9.Keo<; - napallop<pulot\ 70 YEUllETPKOU OX:TllaTo<; O.TUO<; - EMmti<; Epyaoia 00 - napallop<pulot\ 0 YEUllETPKOU oxtillato<;. paxiulva<; - fllqmooe<; EKTO<; 0 0 QVoXciv 7. UlliVQ<; EOMou - EQTUllQTlKO<; E 0 Ya~QVOllo<; - <palqta ouykolot\<; C Ulliva<; yecpupa<; - flqmoae<; EKTO<; avoxciv <pallato OUYKOlOT\<; - napallop<pulot\ C 6 60 YEUllETPKOU OXtilOTO<; - EMmit<; Epyooia - nopo~iqot\ np06loypa<pciv H 0 - nopallop<pulot\ OYUl F 7 7 KQKti<; anoetikeuot\<; 9. UlMva<; unoan;- - EOTTUlllaTlKo<; yapavloll0<; E 0 P~l<; ~aot\<; - fllamaoe<; EKTO<; avoxciv <pallatq ouykomlot\<; C 00 - napollop<pulot\ 0 0 YEUllETPKOU oxitllato<; - EMlnit<; Epyaaio 7 0. Ultiva<; uooan;- - EaTTUlllaTKo<; E P~l<; unolloxlou YO~avlollO<; - fllamooe<; EKTO<; avoxwv 0 - EaTUlllaTKt; npomaaia 0 leta TO YO~avlollo - <polota auykomlot\<; - napallop<pulot\ C YEUllETPKOU oxti.lato<; - EMmti<; EPyooia 7. npcito<; E~UlTePKO<; - EaTTUl.laTlKo<; Ya~aVlallo<; - fllamoae<; EKTO<; avoxwv E 0

4 TeXVKa XPOVKO EaTTla)paTKO ancipto PN n&plypacp~ Ei6oC; ocpcillatoc; cpalla Ulpo ooc; OPUT'TO XapaKTlPloTKci ocpcipotoc; OCPOOTa)V o'l&ila)v - EaTTa)~aTlK~ npoo-eaoia ~ETO TO Ya~aVO~O 0 - cpollata OUYKO..TOT]C; C 7 - napa~opcpla)ot] OYW F KaK~C; ano9~keuot]c;. W~vac; unoo-et) -llloo-eooec; EKTOC; avoxwv 7 P~TC; miyoc; - EaTTwllaTK~ npoo-eaoio ~ETO TO ya~avlolo cpo~atq OUYKOTlOT]C; C 0 - napallopcpa)ot] OYW F KaKT)C; an09~keuot]c;. Mniyo - EOTTla)llaTlKOC; ya~avlolloc; E -lltao-eooec; EKTOC; avoxwv - cpoloto OUYKo..TOT]C; C 0 - napallopcpa)ot] 0 0 YEla)llETPKOlr axnllatoc; - napallopcpwot] OYW KOKnC; ano9nktuot]c; F 0. CPYKT~pac; -lloo-eooec; EKTOC; avoxwv 7. no~l0 OcplYKTnpO -lllao-eooec; tktoc; avoxwv / 7. uvetlko &aolla -lllao-eooec; EKTOC; avoxwv TOU Pareto. o okonoe; Tile; nopouoioone; OUTtie; eivat vo oei~el nwe; ovauon TOU Pareto eltoupyei OTlV em6ewplloll nopooltie; eottwlotkwv omiptlwv ana tvov uno KaTaoK ;uocm;. KonOe; Tile; aviuolle; Pareto o okonoe; Tle; avouone; Pareto oe outti TlV nepimwon eivol va avau60uv 0 onopphjete; TWV KOTaOKE:Ual;ollevwv onoptiwv ana tvav unokataokeuaotti. 00 OTE: vo opyavw6ei Op60oYKa em6ewpllon napo altie; Kat VO lq>60uv TO 00p6wTKa lttpa nou 6a OTOXeUOUV OTlllleiwon TOU apl6l0u TWV anoppilje:wv Kal TWV Oq>OlloTwv. To napooelylla OT'lpil;eTat OTllv em6ewpllon nopao tie; 0ptwv lletakwv e~aptrlllatwv (llepkwv 0 00 OTaOeaC; cp6avouv TO 6 m). KaTeu6eiov OTC; eykata- OTooelC; TOU unokotaokeuootti. To lletamka e~aptlillota anote:ouvto ana lnapec;, l0pq>000kouc; Kat ecl0llata TO onoia eixav nepaoel 0 no TC; q>aoele; Tile; Kontie;. Olallopq>Wone;, ouykomllone; Kat 6epllOU yalavlolou. noootkoe; xapaktpo/oe; TWV ocpa/otwv npokelll VOU VO xopaktllpiooulle Ta Oq>alOTO TWV anoptiwv. Mo q>uoko XOpaKTlPOTKa XOUV emeyei: - 0 ap6l0e; TWV Oq>allaTWV avo. onapto. - 0 apl6lloe; laputltae; TOU OCPallaTOe; (onwe; 0 nivakoe; oeixvet). -aa TO Oq>allaTa nou 0lamOTw6lKaV KOTa Tllv napoolrl TWV anaptiwv. ama KO TO npoltillota nou 0'lllloupyn6KOv KaTO Til ouvapllomylloll TWV npw

5 88 TeXVKO XPOVKO nivakac;.! EaTTW~aTKO anoptla i 8pOOTKOC:; apl8loc:; Ocpa~OTWV EaTTWl.laTKO anoptia 8poOTlKeX; apl8~ex; ortl&icw pl8.0c:; pl8l.oc:; nout' EniTolC:; pl8l.oc:; p8~oc; nout' EniTolC:; anaptiou ocpa.0twv Tlllq skato anaptiou i ol'l.siwv Tll.lrl skato ,8 V0, ,800,8. 6, , , , , , , 8.6 9, , , , , , 9.9 0, , , , , , , , , ~UVOK6<; apl9lo<; ocpa(ltwv 70 Meoo<; opo<; ocpal<ltwv avo anapno70:=, ~UVOKO<; apl9lo<; Olllleiwv Meoo<; 6po<; avo anapno0.800:=70.~ -0 ~..:.;n:.::..~+- -::::==-,_... ~.X> 'O tu Q 8Q ~ _i!! '" w 7o.., S (» (,0.;:... ~ ~jo 0!;: - S f ~-~ u O -"" 0 NUN6 R OF D FEcrs -- T H SE(W YC~ LlloYP0l0. +8 H l --TEM HUM 8..

6 NOS. - LlE:Kelllplo~ '9 TE:XVlKa XpovlKa 89 '()~~,!!:! ~ ~q Q 8_ 'O:i - ~ 7_ CO "" - ;e:,... 0~ - ~,000 W:i - i ~... :~t~ tooo «l '"":j;;;;' NUMe,E:. lluiypo-l-lq. OF;, PONTS --<>-Tf/>{ SEQUE NeE:.0. -.z~ TEM NtM'&ER TWV 0voowv xpnollonou;6'kav Yla TO OXnlanOO TOU nivaka. a nivaka~ anote:e:ltql ano E:anWlaTlKO anopna E: TnV ne:plypa<pri TOUe; KQl TnV m:plypa<pri TWV o<palatwv TOUe;. Ta o<palata e:xouv taf;voln6e OE: olaoe:~ o<pajatwv ano ewe; Kal OE KaTl'lYopiE:e; a vaoya E: Tn laput'lta TOU o<palato~ (nivakae; ). na K6eE anapno avaypa<pe:tol 0 ap60e; TWV o<palatwv nou pe9nkav OE auto Kal 0 ap60e; TWV on Eiwv nou npokuntel ano TOV noanaolaoo TOU a pl60u o<palotwv E:ni TOV apl60 lapltntae;, onwe; auto~ OVETal ono TOV nivaka. UVK VTPUlTKO OTOXtia LTOV nivaka Ta onoptla TOU nlvaka exouv Taf;lvOln6E:i Tol WOTE: auto E: TO EyaUTE:pO apl60 ocpaotwv Kat apl60 onle:iwv va ovoypa<povtol npwta KQl KaTomv auto TWV onoiwv 0 apl6joe; O<pOlaTWv Kal on.leiwv OUVE:xWe;.lEHi>vETO. ME: TOV TPOno OUTaV OnllOUpyouvTal 0 OTnE~,, Kal 6 TOU nivaka. Ol OTnE:~ Kal 7 npokuntouv ana TO anouto a6pol Ola TOU apl9.ou TWV ocpalatwv KQl TOU apl9l0u TWV onle:iwv, EVW Ol OTriE~ KQl 8 EKcppa~ouv TO Enl TOlC; % nooooto TWV OtnWV Kat 7. 0 OTriE:e;.Kal 8 EivOl Kal 0 mo onllavtlkee; Yla TnV avauon Pareto, olon oivouv TnV ElKova Tne; OVlonC; KOTaVOln~ - maldistribution - TWV ocpaotwv KO TWV onleiwv, OTa E:mlle:poue; anoptla. Ka~mi c; Lorenz H aouetpia T'e; KaTaVOlric; TWV O<paOTWV 00 E n! le:pouc; onopna anelkovl~eto mo Ka6apo OTa ola YPOllaTa Pareto Kal (KalnUEe; lorenz). LTOv'of;ova X Kal TWV Mo olaypalllotwv Ton06ETou VTal Ta anapna Kal OTOV of;ova Y 0 avtotolxee; a 8POlOTKe~ nllee; TWV o<palotwv KO onlelwv. n.x. TO anopno 8 nou exe: apl8o O<pOOTWV 08 iloc; OiVE: TO npwto onlle:lo Tne; KalnUnC;, TO anopno je apl6o o<paotwv 97, TO Oe:UTEPO Onl&lO Tnc; KOllnUne; K.O.K. 'ETOl OlaOP<PWVETO n Kalnun. H KOlnUn OlaOP<PwvETO E TnV iota E:6000Ovia. exovtae; OTOV of;ova X TO anopno KQl OTOV Y ne; ovtiotolxec; a6polotlkee; nje~ TWV onle:lwv. Eival xapaktnpotkri n EYOn Kton Tn~ KOlnUn~ Va TO "iva onlavtko» anopno Kat n Of.lOOTEpn Kion Tne; VO Ta unooma. KplT~pla Via Ta «iva Orll.lOVTKO«aTTUl~aTKo anop Tla H EmoVll TOU KplTnpiou Va TOV npoooloploo TWV «tvwv onlavtkwv» EaTTWlaTKWV anoptiwv &lval nom 0flaVnKn KO OUOlWOn~ VO TV OVOUon TOU Pareto. Ma KaTo Emoyri KPlTlpiwv OE:UKOU VEL Til Ef;aywyti oullnepaootwv Vla TV avouon Pareto, K06w~ Enlol~ KO Til MP olop6wnkwv le TPWV nou OTOXEUOUV OTEWO TWV O<pO.lOTWV. To KPltliPlO TOU 0% EVOl OPKETO Yla TO OXnOnOOllae; npwtnc; anopc;. UCPwva E auto TO KPlTtiPlO oav "iya 0llaVnKa" 6a npenel va 6EwpOUVTal Ta EOT TWlanKO anoptla le neploootepo ana 0% a9pol OTKO o<pollata ri onleia. 'Onwc; <povetol ano TOV nivako, TO npwto 0nopno ana onop apl60u O<pOOTWV (0.9%) Kal Ta npwta onopna ano anopn apl6ou Onle:lWV (6.%), KavonolOuv auto TO KpnriPlO. UTO OlaiVEl on ano onolp EaTTWOnKOT'Tae; El VOL onopolt'to va npooex60uv OlaiTE:po auto. TO 0 noptla YO Til tip OOp6WTK(ilV EVEPYElWV, E OKOno vo lelw6d n OUVOKri EanWllanKOTTa TWV 0 noptiwv. EmKEvTpWVOVtae; TV npoooxn OTOOnaPTO auta, ri OVTOTolxa, Ef;oE<poUE TO 0% TWV O<pO

7 90 TeXVlKO XPOVlKO nivgkac; V. EaTTll.laTKO anaptla ~ C D Ei~' O,al.laTV!! E F G i H uvoo O,al.laTV 0l'l.l illv ruvoo mpal.lcmllv O.lelWV , i ,00 i ,00 89, , ,800

8 TeXVlKO XPOVKO 9,lOtWV. Trw i~la otlyllli, npenel va emollllavgei to yeyovoc" Otl naipvovtac, anoq>ooelc, Yla ilop9wtlkec, evepyelec" to ~eutepo xapaktnplotlko (apl9l0c, OTllleiwv), eivat mo OTaVtlKO ana TO npwto (apl9l0c, oq>alotwv). UTO TO yeyovac, nnya~el ana to OTl n eattwllatlkotnta Otnv nepimwon apl9l0u onlleiwv eotla~etal oe anaptla ( Kat 0), evw Yla TnV nepimwon tou a pl9lou oq>allatwv npenel va nq>90uv lhpa Yla a noptla (8,, 9, 9 Kat 0). UTo eivat ellq>avec, Kal ana tnv mo anotolln Kion Tnc, Kallnunc, Lorenz a na auti Tnc, Kallnunc,.!av ~eutepo KPltilPlO Yla TnV emoyli TWV «iywv onl..avtlkwv» anaptiwv,..nopei va XpnOll..onoln9ei 0 leooc, opoc, oq>alcltwv i onl..eiwv nou avtlotolxei oe KMe anoptlo.!tov apl9l0 O<j)alOTWV 0..EOOC, opoc, eivat. (70:) oq>ollata, evw OtOv apl9..0 onlleiwv eivat70 (0,800:) oq>allata, onwc, q>aivetat Kat Otov nivaka. H onllaoia autou TOU Kpltnpiou eykeltal Oto yeyovoc, OT npooiopi~el TO "onlleio Kal..nlic,", ~nai'; autov TOV apl9..0 anaptiwv nou n ekatootlaia aue,non TWV a9pootlkwv Tl..WV eivat..kpotepn ana tn l..eon au E,non TOU.% (00:). 0 Kallnuec, Lorenz apxi ~ouv i~n va onave Oto onlleio auto. UTO TO KPTliplO ol..wc, oinyei, OtnV nelovotnta twv neplmwoewv, oe Eva lleyamtepo aplsl..o «iywv KPoillwv» anaptiwv ana TOV npwto Kavova.!TnV neplmwoli lac" OOOV aq>opa TOV aplsllo oq>a..0twv, nepalll0vel ta 8 npwta anoptla l..e 69.% TWV oq>al..0twv, evw OOOV aq>opo tov apl9..0 TWV onl..eiwv, Ta npwta anaptla le 76. %. Eiw E,ava napatnpeital..la l..eyamtepn anotee OllaTlKotnTa Tnc, avauonc, Pareto, av nq>gei unoljn o aplslloc, onlleiwv oe oxeon l..e TOV apl9..0 oq>al..a TWV. To ~eutepo KPTiPlO tou leoou opou, ina~ri TWV oq>allotwv rl TWV onlleiwv. lac, iivel Tn ~uvatotnta va exoulle eva KaMTepo npoo~lopolo TWV «iywv KpiolllWV» anaptiwv. Dnwc, q>aivetal ana Tn OUYKPlon TOU nivaka Kat TWV ~laypall..0twv Kal. ta npwta 8 anoptla le l00n TOV apl9l0 oq>allotwv eivat ta 8,, 9, 9. 0, Kat. Me l00n TOV aplsllo onlleiwv ta npwta anaptla ei Vat Ta Kal 8. le ilaq>opetlki oelpo. a na auti nou exel oav l00n TOV aplsllo oq>allatwv. Onolo~linoTe KPT';PO 0lWC, Kat va XpnOlilonolngei e mkevtpwvovtac, TnV npoooxli lac, Yla Tn!iljn i0p 9WTlKWV evepyelwv OTa mo novw anoptla, ee,aeiq>oulle olleoa TO 69.% n 76. % TWV anoppiljewv. vau0' Pareto "f: ~TP C; H avouon Pareto lnopei va yivel mo ouowinc, av nq>80uv unoljn 0XlOVO ta anaptla, am Kal auta KaS' eauto Ta ei~n oq>allotwv, otav ee,eto~etat n eat TWllaTKOTnta TWV anaptiwv. Kata TnV em8ewpnon napaallic" ilia TetOla avauon q>alvetat OtOV niva Ka V. UToc, 0 nivakac, nepalll0vel eva ouv~uaollo tnc, npwtnc, avauonc, Pareto le Ta anoptta, am Kat Tnc, ~eutepnc, avauonc, nou anoteeltal ana 9 ei~n oq>allatwv. o nivakac, V neptalllave OtOlxeia nou avtotolxouv. TOOO OtOV apl8l0 oq>a,lotwv. 000 Kal OtOV aplslla on,leiwv lapttntac,. 'ETO omov, 0 nivakac, V eivatilla avauon nou ~ev xpelo~etat npo0getec, ee,ny';oetc, Yla tnv KatavOl'; TOU aplslou oq>allatwv Kal onlleiwv Kal iivet olleoa Tn iuvatotnta Yla TnV emoy'; TWV «iywv KpiollWV» anaptiwv Kat TnV avayvwplon tou eiiouc, TWV oq>a lotwv. c, ouykevtpwooulle, omov, TnV npoooxrlllac, oe autil tnv avouon Pareto Yla Ta eiin TWV oq>alotwv, 0 nwc, auta q>alvovtal OtiC, Otiec, TOU nivaka. na TOV npoo~loplolo TWV "iywv KpiolllWv» eliwv oq>alotwv, TO KPT';PO TOU..&OOU opou TOU aplslou oq>allatwv (.; onlleiwv) npenel va xpnolilonoln9ei E,ava. H lion Tll'; eivat8 (70:9) oq>ollata. 'ETOt, omov. ana TnV onoljn TOU apl9l0u ocpa,lotwv oav «lya Kpiollla» eiin oq>allatwv Sa npinel va e E,eTa090uv Ta:. luaotaoelc, ektoc, avoxwv.. napallopq>woelc, yewlletplkwv OXnllaTwv. C.!q>allaTa ouykomnoewv. no TnV onoljn TOU aplsllou onlleiwv Ta oq>ollata e mkevtpwvovtat oe «lya KpiOl,la» ei~n oq>allatwv Kal elikotepa oe auta nou uneplaivouv TO,lEOO 0 po onl..eiwv nou eivat.00 (0,800:9). UTO eivat Ta mo KOtW: C.!q>allaTO ouykom';oewv.. 6laOtooelc, ektoc, avoxwv. 'ETO, omov, 0 la9l0c, oolopotntac, TOU Oq>O,lOTOC, alll0vetat unoljn. onwc, q>aivetal ana TOV nivako V. Ulln paollato Dec, 0 ovauoelc, Pareto nou avau9nkav mo novw, lac, oirlynoov OtOV npoo~lopl0l6 TWV eattwlot KWV onaptiwv Kat TWV KOTnyoptWv TWV oq>allatwv nou lnopouv va xapaktnplosouv oav TO «lyo Kpiol lo» Kal Ota onoia 90 npenel va emkevtpw9ei n npoooxli lac, Yla Tn.;ljn itop9wttkwv evepyelwv, ho wote va,letwsei TO nooooto eattwllatlkotntac, Ka TO tnv emsewpnon nopaal';c,. H lleso~oc, ieixvel OTl neplnou TO 0% twv npolnllatwv, npoe,evei TO 70% twv evox';oewv. n' autov TO okono eivat onapoitnto vo unopxel iva Kavol emkolvwvioc, lletoe,u TOU KOTaoKeuooT'; KO TOU ayopao'tli. nou So anoteeital ano ovspwnouc, nou love TnV «ila ywooa».

9 9 TeXVKO XPOVKO KaTomv, napoj.lola avoucl j.lnopei va XP'0j.lOnOl' Sd Kal Yla Ta nepalttpw npoj~j.lata nou anopptouv ana T'V unap~' TWV mpaj.lotwv, n.x. KOOTO<; em 0p9wCl<; TWV o<paj.lotwv Kal KaTO''<; pu9j.llcl<; ja9j.lovoj.l'cl<; TOU XP'0lj.lOn00Uj.leVOu el;onloj.lou. 'Oa Ta mo novw j.lnopouv va TpOq>00T'90uv oe tva KaTOU'O OYlOj.llKO KOlj.le Tl Xp~Cl unooylotwv, va txouj.le autoj.lotwc; O' T'V n'poq>op'0 nou 9t OUj.le KaSwc; Kal Ta avtiotolxa aypoj.lj.lata Pareto. KaTa~yovTac;, ouj.ln&paivouj.le OT ' avoucl Pareto j.lac; olrlyel &UKOa KOl j.lac; &mk&vtpwvel OTOV evtomoj.lo TWV «!YWV KpiOlj.lWV» &attwj.latlkwv npolo VTWV ~ TWV «iywv KpiOlj.lWV» Oq>aj.lOTWV Kal TWV al Tiwv TOUe;, ho wote j.le T' ~j TWV KaTO'WV 0pSWTKWV evepyelwv, va e~aeiq>ouj.le oj.leoa T'V nelovotto TOUC;. EuxaplOTw nopa nom. lploypacplkec; avacpopic; - aran.m. OC handbook, Me Grow Hill rd edition. - F. Egermayer and V. Divis, uvoloc; TOU EOOC. 9&la: pxt~ avontu~ll~ OUOTllllOTWV nol6tllta~ OLll ~lo~llxavia - EY XElpil0 nol6tllta~. EOT]YTlTri~:. nanakwvotavtivou, MM, TUV HELLS EnE. Elaayfj)y~ Kupiec; Kal KUP0l, Kal0nepa oac;. - 'Eva gej.la Yla TO onoio tx& lexs&i apkettc; KplTl KtC; oelpo SO 9000 eivat OT analteital Clj.laVTlK~ aul;lcl TWV evtunwv KOl T'C; ypaq>elokpatiac; nou a napait'ta ouvoleuouv T'V eq>apj.loyi) evoc; OUOTi) j.latoc; noot'tac;. TV npayj.latlkotta (tlala lev OUj.lla!vel KOT TholO. - To standard analtel TeKj.l'piwCl EKE! onou m9avi) anouoia auti)e; 9a j.lnopouoe va &mq>tpel apv'tl KtC; emmwoelc; navw OT'V nolotlta. M& QUa OYla, TeKj.l'piwCl TWV anapalti)twv Yla TV e~aoq>acl T'C; nolot'tac; Kal TlnoTa napanavw. -UTO TO onoio avaq>tp&tal ouykekpllltva j.ltoa OTO standard Kal j.lloupyei OplOltva npoi)j.lata eivat TO evxelpillo noot'tac;. T &ival TO &YXelpi~O noli)tltac;; To evx&lp!0 nolottac; eival avanoonaoto KOj.lj.lOT T<; TeKj.l'PlwlltVC; napouoiaolc; TOU OUOT~j.laTo<; nolot'tac; j.llac; etalpeiac;. vaq>epoj.levol OT'V KaoKi) nmov ouvtayi! inpo VPoliliaTC T Kav n;, vpaq, T Kav C;, KaYe 0,T tx C; vpaq, ln TO eyxelpillo noot'tac; avtanokpivetal a KPWC; OTO "YPolje Tl KOV&C;».