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7 IEB E D B D D C D IYXWVWK D VBQ CD D F LD B D EB C$ D D WVWK B % ] B BEED E B WCDXVBQ " VC A D D C EB D $ D ]D CB C D B C B $ K F ] B E A % B N M D B C Q C$ ] B C W ED LOK K TM [SNVOTSI TM B CD EX U EB $ D C M D C D WVWK % ] CB WJT Q Q WVH % M B DD B D E C N$E B DE R NDB D A ED EB CEB$ % KE$ B E B AD CB! D M D % " W B CB C D TD JD C D " D G B E B C A D BQ AB X $ " F WB C D CE $ D D B M B LNO F VC ED MB C % VC ED D N E CD B C D % VC ED BEE EB XE D D D %% % Y E B [W SK A DD D M CE D %F " GQ Q WVH D B D D B %B D LMBED MD A M D A M D D " F [ A D B D D " B IED A BQ R MB BEE WMWGK " M

8 C ]D $ D BEE [WG "% ] BQ KSJ E WVWK "" G BEE ]JPL C "D M DC Q C$ A CB DAD RC B D E "F ]D! EB C$ D EM C DB BDD D X D OYK FF ] FC ] B B G D B % ]AEM A E B B B " N CB BDD D BQU J B" D ] B B N]KJ BD F M C B [JY BB B ] [JY D M B A EB B B E B BB C M MD D M MD D PC CB EB $ C ]D $E D M A D B C M C R D M A D B C [AB B B E B MB CD B D C% Y DB M D D D M D M A D B C% % VC A B E E VB B TM KW I C" " VC AM C LWJ[L] CD D ]D ED D W Q CC F I M D N M D L D BQB D $ D D E B D CX B DAD RCD B M C DE C D A E C WQ D C ] D OKY C BDD D B B WVWK F M D A BQ X D WVWK C PEE C $ ED D E B D EBPB E BX ]AM C KS]JNJK LAD CE E D K % LAD C D K % " V$ MBD EB $ D " D Y B B D AM C WVW[LN F F KBQEC A DB D AM C LNJ C B M ED A ED C S DC E CE $ M D D DB C S DC CD $ M D D DB C % M

9 % ]AE$ B B A WVWK % VC D A BQ D % VC A NTK^ M CD$ F %% K D D M CD$ D A D BQ F %" ND ED D B B E D B %D M C ED BDD D B B %% %F M C ED BDD D B B ^ MB D B C C $ E %" %B ]D B C D B B D C D BDD D %F %C $E D C D ED D WVWK %B % K B A "% " V BB B DE$ B E B DF " S D C! DC " IED A BQ R F "% G D C AB F L N M D B C Q C$ ] B L W ED LOK K [SNVOTSI B CD EU EB $ D BF L A E B B BC L% A E B^ D EB E D BC H ED Z CR " µm % H D DED E C MB CB E D " M

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13 J D DD D! E DD $ D D A D B E ED C D D M $ ND! D $ A D E E D E D K T A M D D ED CD D D D # DDR D EE Q B AQ B ^ EC E A Q CE $ ^ A B C O A EB C M D B ]AM C DD ADC D BQ BQD EB M D $ CE ED CDD D C D DD D ED E B D D WD M A D ^ A RD ^ M E E A E AC C DD D D B D D CD S B C IBQ W QD D M L]AQ CC $ E EB L^ E BEC L D $ KB [ A M D D ^! D$ A CD $ D CCR D Q S A E CD$ EM A B MB E D D D D B D $ D D DB P$ D DED D D $ D AEBQ ]D PCD L]AM E N CBF L] M A E D $ L IBQ YDQ CDD ^ $ D E C JDDB LDC M D D LND B M L^ M D E D Q CCD CBQD EZ D E D B D Q C^ D EB Q C QE $ AM CR D MD $ $ D B D CB D VD X DB P$ C D Q CC D MM B CD ^ D D C D D D B B R $ A E B CC ]D D D D $ D AEBQ D $ A Q CC M DDC C B D MM M D E B MB BD CD D O D M D BQ D D D ED EM C D CB DB $ D X D D ED Q C QE DC D C C LCB L ] M B LCB L D D D ED ^ WVWK F BAD AB AC AD [ AD D C DD E C D BD M D CB DB $ D $ D M D E ED B D B QRD S DD MD AEC B D CB DAD RCD EB XCEB$ D E D ED B^ MB A D CEB$ D BQ D A D H DAE LRMC B L WD B M D M B C D D E ^ E D CEB$ EB $ ] C D E D E D M $ MB D B D D CEB$ D C D! D $ A $ P CB CEB$ D D DD D C D ^ B EED D C D DD $ M E M RC DRB D D AEB $ [ AD MB AMRC AEB $ ^ B ^ $ B D E B EC B CCBE ] QE DD $ BQC ]E C "^ B DD B D P C C M O QAD$ C%B KQ A^ H H ] CR CD B D E C"% D

14 % D BE E CCE TD JD C ^ C $ E AQD B B E E $ D B DD D! AQ N D^ B D C D A E BDD DABBEE V M D^ D CD KKJ D N]KJ D D^ MB D DD D C D D D BD DB C [ EM BQ $ $ ED M D DCXB B D D D BQ D $ DD D D B D A CR D! D V $ ^ DD B B E D $ M CR D E B C ^ B CD D B D E B S DD E D $ A DA BQ D C D D CD G RC ^ AEB $ MQDD M $ CC D D CEB$ D^ MB C AEM D CBQD D D M D D C BQD D B CC CE $ D D AE C $ I D D B C D B D $ B C D B B EB $ ^ C D E D A C D # C D RD C $ E D DAD RCD CEB$ D^ E BER DB D IBQ YAC C"C [E JD E TBQ A E L! L YAD M D DD ED IBQ YAC^ M D DD B EE BD ED CD B D $ B $ DA E DD C D CB D^ C E $ E C AA D J $ B C D L! L YAD $ A M A D RC QAD$ C! C D! D$ A D CD ND D RC B EE B E L L YAC CC ^ EB B CC $B MC AM D EM D D C DB D^ CD B CC A M D D D J B E BQ EM B BQ DB PB RD DE E B CB D MB D C D ]A IBQ YAC D E C B $ CD D EM C D E D G RC ^ D B D DD D M EM D B $ A A M QD $ D CB DAD RCD V $ ^ B D M B C D D D ED D B E^ C D ^ EM C D BQ$ D A D BQC$ D DB C ] B CC BD D $ M DC B E BD B D CC $ D EE C!! D EU EDD MD E E D C D A B MD BQ D^ A C D BM ED! D$ A BQ$ D D B BQD DB PBD ] C BQ D M D ADD D WVW K D D D CR D B B E X D D CEB$ D DB C [D DDD D D CB DED E A! A B D E BER V G D CB F L L G B ND B B^ G D EC D C DD E ED D D D D D A DE$ B E B DD A D N]KJ^ CD M DD D D D CD D CB DB $ D CEB$ $ A AMD^ BAD XX MB D C MC B D RBD A D [ MBE B DE E B CC EM

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

16 D IEB E D B D D C D IYXWVW K NA RD H 9: =<<>43=.40-: -0;J/92:9: 9. =/4 9: G $ D X E DD E $ B B BM D WVW K O D M D C A E D B $ D ED D D C D A B BQED BD MD BQ D^ C D D D ]D CD A B D C D F CEB BQ D^ B D^ E B D D QAD$ D^ B D^ EEB CC B D^ IYXWVWK L B D E E$ B BE P ^ BQC^ ]A D EM M CEB F QE LMQDD L^ DD CEBC EM ED ^ BD N A M D B C E B ^ QE BQ D $ D QADB XCEB$ D D RD $E BB D $ D AEBQ M E E BD B E C ND C D ED D^ BQC D CC D E E$ BD M D DB C $ $ D UD CB D $ M D B D W U D $ A B CE $ M $ $ D B D U ]D B D C P EE Q C CC XE E$ B D C DD ND C CB $ ^ D C D IA D E D BQ BC D RCD^ $ A M D D D WLN GD]O+ S M DD D DD ED AB D D D! D CB DB $ D D $ D B D $ D V $ ^ A A D $ $ D CB D B CC P C ^ D D C D BD D DE B B D AE D AEBQ D! D C ED ] CB DB $ D B D DD C C C D B D E B D A QE CR CB DB $ N C C EZ ^ D CD D B D^ D B D^ D B AE C ^ B D B AE D D BQED D

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

18 B LD B D EB C$ D D WVW K D D EE Q C D CB D BQD D B DE ED B [Q$ A EC H BQ B EE B WCD M H K BQ DDE BQ E B B C A C^ D C E E E M BQ D E B P AMD D DD ED D CB BQ D ] C BQE EM D DD D D B D M D D D ED $ DD ACE D D D CD DD EB M MD B D LP E EM D BQ X D D D B D EM D^ EM D D D B C D C L AQ B ^ CB D D EC M ]D E CBD WVWK D $B MC C D $ B A B CC [WSK CD D D D CB B CC D N C C^!B ED CB C D D E C ED ^ CD B AD $ ACE A E!B C ]D EE Q D D D D D D $ D D E B D! ME ^ D Q WD B B C D D E$ M B C D D QXP ED^ D C" A D BQ D B CC MB B C $ B A C D E B D D D C CD NA M B B B B ^! C LCB L M B CB ^ CB C ^ CB C D DADB D EC BQ DDE BQ S B Z E E B $ A D ED CD E "- ;=/3G 30-0;4H29 9-9<>0:40- C D D MK M D D C D D MK "^ M B A AEB C D CB DAD RCD N R BD BQ$ D DDU C D D^ D D W W Q D D! D A B KQ P D P K W Q D B ^ C D DD E CE $ D $ D C AD D DD B D M QCE $ ^ BAE DD B C D A DX D A M P W B MB D CF"^ $ D D DD C E CB CC C V E ^ D B B ED D CB BDD D D ILWD D D B C D^ M D C D

19 CC" D B D D BD M D D C D CB D B C AEM D B B ED^ D E CE $ ^ B D C AD X B ^ D QCE $ G B C D CDDD C C BQE^ C EEC C M D $ B CDD F D E CCR D CR E! ^ D A M D D C D D B D D B D WVWK^ $ D J D B O C A D D M E D EMD D P D^ C D D EM $ B C D RD C / =-4:= :./49>>9 9. <0>4.4H29 O D M D M $ D CB D ED D B ED ] E A D C D BQ D EC D $ D EZ EM D $ D D B D D D D D^ B CC C EDB E D C X D D N D^ BD D DD D M M D D $ A D $ D C D D CE D D BDD$ D B EM D D BQ D^ D BQ C " /93G9/3G >0<<9;9-. J $ B B D WVW K EBDD ED A D ND D BD^ D D $ D B BQ BQ EM C ]D B DDBD EBDD D B B D E D D D DCD F D B D D D^ D BQ BQ^ E B D CBQD^ B N C DD B D D EDED B E BD D D A CE D BQ BQ V $ ^ D D DDED MB D BBRD D D B D BBEE CR D A D D D D ED!B CB C D TD JD C D [D B D D E ED D BQ 89: I0-19/49: ;2>.42.4>4:=.92/: W E D D MBED BQ $ D CX ED EBECC ^ D RD B D B D B D C BQE C D WVWK V V ^ C BQE D WVWK E A! A E OV MK M D C A C BQE DB C D MK " E E E ]D B D B E A D B BQ BQ EM C ^ DD C C B CDD^ E C D^ D DD E D D MBD E D C X D D P B MB MD DDC E C M E D D DE C C BQE^ D EBD D AMD DDC D D D E B M M CD D D EBP$ K ]D E D C X D D D B D D MBD E B D M D BQ$ D N]KJ O D M D BQ $ A D D D E C D DB E CE $ D CD$ D Q Q D RD EM E D A C D B D QDD B B ^ DD E A D BD E D C D D V $ ^ E C B CC ED D

20 D B M D DX B ]D E D $ M D D D MBD C X D M DD $ E D D C D E B D M B B CC B ^ A EZ D D D ]D BDD D E B M C DED^ CD DD D DCC EB D $ D DD ED C A B C E ED DDD D B D $ DDR D D D E B [D E D D D D B E D F A M D ^ D BQ BQ D D B CC D D D BE ED RD ED^ DDD B C D A D D DCB B D C D D B D^ D B C D BQ BQ E$ C D B B ED B ^ D E D D $ DDR $ A D DE$ BD B CD MB C D BD BEED [ D DD ED E DD D BQ D E B D D ED J B CC C D LCCDXBQL [ D D D ED BEED E B MB D B ED D E D $ BD D MBD ] D J LCCDXBQL $ D C B B C BEED E B C D C BQ D DD DE$ BD B C R D ^ B AM DAD RC CD D D B AC D CD$ D Q Q^ C C E $ E D D D D D ] D $ DD D DD ED MD D CB DB D B ] P % C A E M D DRBQ D B # $ D E D C X D D D F L MKL F D D K F KMWWT KMWWT N^ A D [ D MB BQ WMWGK V V F H DBQ LWJ[MK^ [ AD [VWVW K^ WVW K[LG MB BEE G AWMWGD D B BQD ADB C ^ SK C WKT^ # # JOTVPILW^ KD B WLPK K O E D CE $ D^ KDO LKL W WVW K^ TISOJ[ AK WB DAD CD WVW KSJ D A CE D 89: 9 9.: 1? 3G9>>9 WBQ E E D D D $ D AEBQ D $ E D C D DB P$ D D $ CEB$ ^ CEB$ D D^ AEB X CE DC^ Q C AC$ ^ A $ J DD D D D D $ D $ $ D C [ $ D D A M B B ^ BAD PC D B D AC DD E E CEB EZ E M A D D MD A B CC D AM D C BE

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

23 VC NC D " VC A D D C EB D $ ] K^ CCDD M D ] D CB C D B C B $ K 29:.40-: 19 D$ A ED ^ C CB D^ D O ED D^ AD L D$ L $ M ED E D BQ D E B M E B D B D E B C S M C DD DD D E ^ AC D C D $ D D RM A D DED K BE P D [D B D^ $ RD B MD E C D A M ED ^ A $ BQ DD C E E D [ D $ D EC D D DD ED BQ $ D^ MB RD E A B D $ E B V C E CBD^ E E E P E^ BD B D D D D D C BQE^ C E D B B E D E C B E [ ^ D L D E L M D

24 % JE HD G DD ED BQ $ D SIPLOJKLTJSOK G BDD D B B JONMKTIJV]]VK G F ] B E A E D B D CB BQ D D DD ED S C ED EZ CC D BB M B E A C EB E DE$ B D M F A D ^ DD A E $ D DE C LPL BDD D B B M D D D ^ B CC A D P F ND B QRD^ D D E DD D BD CB D C B B E D CE Q D^ C D D BQ $ D XC C G B E C C B B E D E C C ]AE E A D PE A DD E BQX $ ] P^ $ ^ D B DE E B CC B $ D E B # $ D B ^ A B $ B C EX C BQ B B ^ DD A E B B P E C E D! D D [ DD D BDD D B B ^ M D A D D C D $ D B D B B M [ BDD D B B X M C B ^ BE D^ ED^ D Q CD^ DD EBD D^ A D CE D D B D J D EX PBC C ED ED B B ^ DDB^ C CD ]D CB D D $E D D CB D^ BAD EMB $ A$ AEBQ $ EB WD BD $ E BD D C D C DD E C D $ B CR E CD O D $ D D BQ BQ D D D M D F F [ CC B B E D CR E C D CB D F G EM BD CB D^ D CE Q D B B D XD EX EE D >=- 12 ;=-2:3/4. O D D M N A ^ D D D B B E D EBD D CB D D $ D D D EPD D C D D C EB ED C DED DD D BQ D M D N A ^ D EM D B B E D BDD D B B B A

25 D D D D D D B D E D $ D! D CD VP D D D E D E C D D B DDBD C D CB D D B A DC ND CR ^ D E D P E DD D EBPB ED A D DC D D AC B BD MD BQ D D D CE Q D B B O D D D D BQ BQ Q$ B C E D D C D A B D^ D $ D E A C R CE Q D E B V $ ^ A B BDD D E B D EMR A C B B D O D D BQ D D BDDPB D CB D ] DB QRD D D C ED BDD D B B D CB DAD RCD EB CEB$ D L RD E DE D D CE Q D D D D A M B B A ED D B B E DX $ D DED EBECC ^ D C D B B E D DC BDD D O C ED D E D $ E D ADD D D D D $ F D B D D B D^ D B DDBD EC AB M E B B ^ D B C D B ED B D BDD D O D D $ D AD B C A B BDD D D C D EMB D C$ D C C ED AD C ] DRC B QRD D B DB E B E A DC D C D CB D V $ ^ B D A BQ D EM X C WVWK E E DE D ERMD E D D M D B E D P AE D QRC D CB ED D EB CEB$ D ED B EB D D$ D D A D O D E D D!B ED B D BD DC D D DD D A E B E B B M E BQ BQ C E CD D B D B DDBD G/0-0> /= =4> ] BQ M QRD D D E RD BDD$ MB EE BQC EC $ ^ D M A E A C ED ]AE Q$ EDE QRD D E D M D D D F B B ^ E B B C EQD C D CB D M D D C D A B LD^ EC BQ BQ BQ E E F A ^ M A BQ EC $ $ C EM E B D C D A ^ B $ MD A D M B CC D D ] P E D A E C E C ED BDD D B B E E "

26 D D E ;=/3G9 19 /93G9/3G9 ] EC BQ A B C D C B C CB C V $ ^ $E B CD CB B CC $ $ D B D CB D ^ D D^ X ^ M D^ D A ^ D D $ D B B $ E D ]D $ E BD QAD$ D D D B D C $ D $ C M CD O D M D E D E B $ ^ D D $ D AEBQ! O E E D BD M D^ B B A DB P$ E A C B B WVWK^ A E C D EBP$ D C E B D CB DAD RCD M D E BEC D M C PE C CE Q D G D ^ D D D CCD E DDED B C D P M D B DB D D CD D D C M D CE Q D B B [ E DAD B C E M Q$ M D D D MB D D EBD D M A E E M B C D CD B E D D C D CB EB $ B CEB$ O E E E D B E D B B E D $ D DR$ D B A ^ D $ CC M D B C M BQ BQ D CE Q D RD D B ED B B B B D E ED [ E D D D$ A BQ BQ B C D BQD C E B E E B D BQ $ VP^ EC BQ P E $ DC D M B CC D B BQD EBE D O D D BQ D X D B B E D $ D E C D D B B E D $ ^ $ M ^ D BDD D B B ^ D M D $ $ $ BQ D L X M L D DCC D EBP$ D C PB D DD D [D C PB D M D EB Q C DD $ D AD C E C $ ] A$ AEBQ D MD D B MD D E D EM C D B B ^ C ^ C ^ ME PBX.219: 19.9//=4- L B D B QRD^ D D E E $ B ED ]A D D B M X D! ]WL AMM D E [E ^ H A^ [L^ MKL A D D B D [D D D B CX EC D D D C $ E D D QRD^ M A B DDBD $ A M D B C EQD

27 F C ED BDD D B B 8? :.93G-0>0 49: 19 I=J/43= ; 43/0 </0124.: ] Q AE D EBP$ BEED ED E A DE$ B E B CB D E E CE ]WL ]A D BEED D A D RMC B AEBQ CB DB $ ^ DB D DD BQCB XCEB$ [WG N B D D M D B E! D $E D F E D A D AEBQ CB DB $ MD D QE D E C M D BD CD D^ B B A M CBQ DD BQCB XCEB$ [WG M BEC $ $ A M ACE A DD EEC D^ [D D! D E QEC $ D CB D AD B E B ]D BQ BQD Q$ D DD BED D CD CR BQ D CE Q D C DED E B ^ M CEB$ A D $ A M D D BQ D N]KJ V $ D D D E D E DD BED! B B ED CB B $ D D B D A D CEBC M E$ D D CE Q D E B A Q Q M ]JPL [D BQ D D E ED BQ D L M B B CBQ [WG^ D BQ D WVW K D M D D AE AC CB B D DD D [D B D M B D DD D D P B O BDD D M DD E C $ B E E C $ P BDD D LP BQ D D D D BQ $ D D B D^ D M D $ B E CR E Q$ D D B D E B D D CE Q D E B DD D C N]KJ [ D CD D EC D MB D B D WVW K^ E D A M B B A BQ D BQ D M ED B D M RD E D [ D D CD B C D E D $ E BD CX D A E D BEED E B N D^ D D D CCD D EC DED MB C D CB BQ D M D B D $ D CE Q D EM C D E CR B M 8? >= </=.4H :./49>> < /09>93./0-43: LP D B C A E E D ^ AE DAD C C DE AXC C [ BQ C M D CE Q D DD D D DBBD D BD D $ D B M^ O [ B J E E ] K WD M M DADB D EC BQ A D M B BQ BQXB ^ E B$ E E C E D D B DDBD D D C D BQ D E B DC D CB DAD RCD

28 B B N M D B C Q C$ ] ] D DAD $ B E D AE$! BQU KTWB B BDT M [ D D D D P [ E$ BQ BQ EM C DA BB D WVWK C D D BD EB $ D ] C! DP A D L DD D B B E EL L E E D ^ RD M DDD E $ $ D E D^ E E EBE AMD D DD ED A A B C EU EB $ D E CE A B B CC Q C$ [VL ] IHH+ BE P L ] BQ D BQ D E E MDE D D B D F D E B D D EBX P$ D D B D E B [ D ED B CR ED D $ M D $ A D D Q C $ MD D EBDED ] DD ED Q C$ ED EC E ED E O D M D B CCBE D D $ E D C AD DC ^ A A D E C $ D^ D $ D EU EB $ D P C M D D B PB A P C B C QE QE CR EU EB $ XC C ]D D D D B C E B DD DC ME PB D B B D EU EB $ D D A$ C P A$ BD C DD D B C EQD C E B C ] M D D E C $ D B C D D BB D A $ D^ D BD [SNVOTSITM LOK KTM P L ED D B D AEB D DC D EEC D PD ALOK KT M [SNVOTSIT M E $ P D $ E D EZ D D DC D D B C D D EU EBX $ D V $ ^ D ED D D D DC D B D MB D DC D E D! D$ A ED D [SNVOTSI TM O D M D D DE QE D D A E B B D CR D B B [ CE Q C A D CR D E D D D B D BD C D D RBQ B B CC O D M D D E DD D CR D ED E CE $ D B B D EX U EB $ D [ D CD BDD D BD MD D E DD D B BQD A C R EEC D PD D E DC

29 C B C W ED LOK K TM [SNVOTSI TM B CD EU EBX $ D ]A B D D D C H ^ D M E A D B DDBD M D B D^ D BQ D E B ^ $ D D BDD D B B WD DD CD E EC $ ACE B BDD D B B ^ M M D D [ CC D D D E A BBD E D AE D B DDBD AE D B B D WVW K E CD

30

31

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33 ]A!B E B CR D B B E D D CB D D D [D D D M D D LC B L CEB$ D D B B D E ED V $ ^ D WVWK D BQ R BD CD O D D DD D CD A B D CB D O D E D B D C D D B R C P ED D B C D E B C G D^ D E D EB E D C AD E B BD D F D E D C D D BEED A D A ED LCEB$ L^ A D D BEED B A D DB C D $ A B C BEED B D J D EBDD AM BQ B E D D C C D D EC D D D CD A B D QAD$ D DD BED WD D DD B B D CE Q D E B V $ ^ DD B DDB E BDXB D C DD B C D B ED BD D ] B B E D D D D AAD EQ BDD D B B = 0-0; 49 19: </0124.: >? 3G9>>9 ; =3/0:30<4H29 LM B B E D D M E D CB D^ B M DM B $ DP B C D$ A D C AE EE C # B D D M $ D E D EBDE^ D CD LCB L LC L DD D M # AD XB $ A CB VD XB DC $ D M B [N D X CB C DE ] D A B EE B D D WVWK ^ C E E DE^ P # B E D WVW K D ED ED^ $ E B D ED B C D EDB C MC D $E D D ND D D BD^ D M D $ D D ED EB $ D D LCEX B$ DL F D B D MB D C MC D EE C D B B D ] CR BDD D DC D D C D WVWK B ^ D AA B C MC M D ^ D D D D D B A B C R C EB $ ]D D BDDD D M D EM C B C R E F BDD JJ ED ED EB CEB$ BE BQ BDD JJJ^ D CB C D D D D E!B BQU TD JD C TM

34 % M D C D WVWK K B JWK ^ DQ WVWK L B B DL ] CB WJT Q Q WVH K B I BDD JN ^ DAD RC B C MB D B $ D D E E D C D BQU K TM ] $E B D BDDD J JJ^ D $ A BDD JJ D D M D D E$ C E B ED V MBQ^ C C D C X RCD $ D DD D B B D EBD BD EBQD ^ H+ ^ D DC D EBDD E $E B C $ E B M L M BEC$ ^ DD CEB$ ^ D D D BDDPB O D B DE D D B E D B D CB D F D CB RBD CEB$ D^ D CB B C D D^ D CB DAD RCD EB XCEB$ D WVW K ]D CB RBD CEB$ D F [ D D RBD CEB$ D C Q$ D D D BD D CB DB $ S B D B DE $ D D D C X D D CB RBD C V $ ^ AEM D BEED E B CEB$ D B A D CB EB $ D $ D RBD CD B B E D $ A CB D ED CD ED D B CC MD I I ED ^ C ^ CB EDE WJT

35 H D ]D RBD $ B D D D CD CB CE $ A D RCD D ADDC P [ D B D E CB RBD CEB$ D ] D D B B ^ D $ D AEBQ E ^ CD D C D A CB BDD D EM C D RD DC F E B D $ E D RBD D DDC ] P C Q X Q WVH A D RBD ^ EDE D DB C M E G ED C ^ D CB RBD CEB$ D D DD D C D D CEB$ D D CD D D E D^ E D C R D $ ]D CE Q D E B DED D DD D C D D BEED CEB$ D BE BQ $ D BEED EM ED D BQ D D DB C BE BQ ]D CB B C D D F [ D D D ED D B C D D EB $ D M A C D E C BD^ D ED D E B D DC D V MBQ^ BD D D D CD DD D D B B D E ED B CC D B C D D EB $ D BDD$ D^ D D! ED D RD B D G C ^ CB A D EE Q D DDC E D B C C CR $ CB BDD J CE B CC [WSK C B E ^ B ] B B D D M N]KJ $ B Z DAD RC EB $ L M D B D D DED D E B D EDED^ D M D M D P $ D C MC D CEB$ D D CD! ^ $ A D BEC $ [ ^ BD C MC D D D D M D EE C D RBD D D $ D C MC D D D D^ D $ D D DAD RCD CEB$ D V ^ D CB B C D D B C E E B E D EB $ CEB$ D D EDED DDC E B ]D D EB $ D CEB$ D D B E $ ED D C C ^ D C C D D DB C ^ D D BQ D M A D DB C BE BQ V ED CE^ D CB B C D D D DD D C AEB $ D E B D EDED M D C AD $ C EB $ D D ED CD EDED CR QA CEB$ EB $ ND B $ A E ^ D BQ D E B C AED M B C D ]D CB DAD RCD WVWK F ]D CB DAD RCD D D CB B C D D D $ D D M D B ED D Q EBE MB D C^ $ B D C E B C C E E $ M CB B C D D $ $ D $ C$ D D B B A A B B E E M CB DAD RC WVWK D XC C G C ^ B DD WVWK D E B C R $ B AE C ^ B CC $ "

36 D A E [ D WVW K ED E D D E B D E B AB D C E ] $ E B B MB CB B C D M B D B C E F D E B D D C D E C D^ D D MB C E D D B C D B $ M EBDD B B A EB D EBP$ ^ D B^ DD D E E ] B B A E E B C CEB$ ^ EB $ D $ ^ B D D CD C QAD$ D B C D D $ ^ EEB CC B XE E$ B G ED C ^ CB DAD RC WVWK D B DC AEB $ CB CEB$ ]D E B D EDED D B C D MB C E A CE A EB D EBP$ ] E B BD D B C B E EB XCEB$ M A D DB C D D D B C E BE BQ D =J>9=2 / 3=<4.2>=.4I WB RBD CEB$ D WB B C D D WVW K DDC D E BX DDC EX DDC EX E B E B A BEED B C E N]KJ B C E N]KJ E B EDB AEB $ EDB AEB $ [WSK [WSK E B D DC D E B D B C D D MB C E D D X C D C QAD$ D M ED ND B QRD^ D B DE D B C D CB B C D D CB DAD RCD^ D QA D EB XCEB$ D [D D D EDED D BEED DD D A D CB EB $ D DB C DD DDC ^ B D G E $ D E B B ^ B [N AD B D B DE E B CC CB C C D BD D ED D CD D D D E D^ $ AD B D D EB $ D CEB$ D V $ ^ D B BD O $ PE LCEB $ L^ DDC B C D D CD $ E D [ AD A E N]KJ B C E D CE Q D E B ^ D $ ^ $ E B E C $ E B C D DAD RCD WVWK

37 ND B BQ ^ D D ED A B D D CB BQ D [ E D DD E D Q A M D B D ED D B R D D B D D D $ D M D $B ED LP C B C D $E BD CB DAD RCD^ CB B C D D WVWK^ DD C B D! A BQ C QAD$ ^ D EBDD ED D CB D [ D AD EMCC D Q D M ]D CB D D ED D D C CD^ D D B D CD F A C ^ D EEB CC B D^ AE $ ^ A $ ^ CEB^ AE C $ ND B D BD CD^ D B D D DDED B D $ D A D D D D C BQ BQ EM C O D E D $ $ D B D D EBP$ D D $ ^ B B E M ^ D CB C D^ D D D CB! D M D WLN ] BD B ED EB CEB$ D BB C E A E C C QEC $ E B C F

38 B ] AEB $ D D C D BDD B J D $ E C B D D B D CEB$ D D B D CB DAD RCD ] E D DD M B C D D CD D D D D DXDC D MEQB N C C DD E AM D B CD B D B D D D M BBDD D A D S A D E! DD D D D CB B D D E D F D C XC C F C B D DD B O ^ X C ^ DDB ACDD ^ C E ^ B D E CX D D B C D $ D E E BB D B OD X B D EDED B D B D BQC$ D BED AEBQ C ^ D D D D D BE D D BD W BD [DD L ^ D DAD RCD X ^ D$ D D A DB D D ED D D D DD ^ DEB E F ABBEE CR LN X" D A D CB DAD RCD DDE D O B ^ D B CC C DE D D EBBQ D A D D M EB E D D EBPB D D BBEE CR D M D D D MEQB M DD D B D EDB D D DRD^ D B D DD ED XE E$ B D D C $ D D DAD RCD E B A D B D B DD C BD B G CR D L D K E [ MEQB PCC DD E " PCC E E$ B X% U X% U X U IED C C % µ [Q B CC CD PCC C E X% B" [ X% B" [ X% B [ KD E C E C C [ C C [ " C [ T EB E D D EBPB D ABBE CR D ] BD W BD [DD L D C A ME D D D D CB BQ D ] D D D ^ D D D M CD EMB D RCD C D G ED D CD D C BQE^ D E D ED B RC^ D CR RD BDE BQ D CB DAD RCD V $ ^ D B D BBEE CE $ D D ED CD BED D BQ$ DD [D E B D D E C D D D $ D ABD D DD B CC D D D B M 9; <>9 <=/.432>49/ 12 3=<.92/ 19 </9::40- ]D B D DD D DB C B CCBE EM ED RD P D ED "^ D D B E D X B D MB^ BQ $ A ^ D B D EU EDD ED^ D B D B B ED P D B D ED D ]D B D C AE C EU EDD ED D RD DC D E $ ^

39 C M B DD B D E B BQ C E EU EDD E D P CC DB C D CD DD M EE C CC K E E E A E D B C D D D M D V MBQ^ B A B D RD DD C E ^ Q D D BDD$ C DE B RC ]D B D B B ED D D EBD D C D E D C E ] E B D EC D D B C MB D EB D EBX $ C AE C V $ CD D B B M B $ EBDD C EB $ C ] EBD D B C E! ED BD B D B B ED ] BQC D E E$ B ED B E C D EC C D BD B D DD D LML D RCD DD BE P ^ D $ D B D CEB$ D MB CC ] C D D EE Q D D C B E D E B D ED CD D D D BD B D E $ D E C BD D B C D D WVW K D RD CED D C D EEB CC B D^ B CC D AEB $ EE JD C B B D B C D D DDED B BD^ B B ED ED D E B D B MD D $ B CC P ]D B B D $ E D B BD D C CE ED DE QAD$ C D D B D L L D D C D E C B B ED D D N C C EZ ^ D B B D $ E P D RD EMED D D P EB CEB$ E E$ B [ XB D EDED B D $ D EB $ D ED B CEB$ M D B D B E^ EE EB D $ C ^ ED B CEB$ C E E$ B $ E D E CE [ E E$ B ED B D CD E M D C AD EB $ D ]D B B ED M D D DED E C P D E E$ BD ED B B CC 9; <>9 <=/.432>49/ >= 3=<=34. =/4=J>9 [D BX D D B B D E CE RD BQ ] B D D

40 g 0 0 g 0 0 N$E B DE R K B IW E B A A CC $ ^ D BD E M A E B B E [D ^ D A BD CR D EBD B B J A B B D EB $ D D B D F B B B B AB C J D A D CB B CC D CB D F D LDE L D LB B EDL B CC C P ] DE B CC BDD$ B QAD$ C B B D EB $ ] B B E B B ED D MB D ]AM B B CC EDE BQ [WSK D $ B B D B E QAD$ C ^ AA B D B E D M D E CE N D^ BD D D E C D A M E E $ B D B D CC $ D E AB C ^ B C D Q C D [W SK ] M DD B CC D B C B A B D F D C D A CB DB C D MD MB D B CC D [W SK D BD D B D Q XM DD C DD E B C EC B ] B B E A B D E D E CE ^ D D EB D EB D M DC A E M B B E M E B C C C EZ $ A D BD A X E D C PE M B B EB $ AB C E A CC E D B EB D J D DD D B B ED M D DD D D EB K M ^ D RCD EE D E B ^ D QE CRD D D B C DE ED D B D E M C E CC G C ^ A$ D B B ED M D M CD E C B B E E B AB C D B C B A E D EB M L M D C D AB C ^ D D ECD F A D D E BD EB D $ D C E $ D^ A $ C ND BD A B C EB D $ ^ B B E D B EE C X EB D P C $ ^ D CDD CCU E N B E E M E B ] E B D E B

41 NDB D A ED EB CEB$ DBQEC EB CEB$ ^ C ED EEC D PD^ B Q WVH M B B E B D B D EB D^ D $ C BX M ]AM B A AB C D B C E B D CC E B D CD D B ND BD A B C A C C MC D E $ E C E D BQ B $ M $ C C EE C S D AE AB C EU EB $ D D BQU KTWB X B BD D E D D B A AB M D A L 9;<>9 <=/.432>49/ 12 ;43/0 / :0-=.92/ >93./0; 3=-4H29 <94-9: 4-.9/ : ]D ED D EB CEB$ D D ED D D B C D D WVW K BDD$ D^ D D DED B CC D B D EB $ XCEB$ D D DD^ B CC C B CC P EB CEB$ M ED EB CEB$ D ED D ED D D F EB D PD C DD D D D DD D $ B CC EB C B CC M D P ] CDD$ D $ D DD D DD B CC P CEB$ C D E E$ B ED B $ E CDD M D B B D k D DD D V D EB D^ ED D ED AEM D D D E CE $ D^ D B E E B CEB$ EB D $ $ E M $ A D $ E ]D EB D PD C D

42 E C B B E M ^ D$ AD D D CDD $E B V D CC D E E C F E = 1/2 CV ] 2 E B EB D $ E M B E D D M D B B E ] E CE D B E $ C MC AD DD $ D B x B E B D A C F F x = (1/2 CV 2 ) = 1/2 V 2 C x x S ^ B B E A B D E B D EB A A E d DAEB F A C = 2ε 0 d avec A = ex e D AE DD D EB D x ED MDXXMD ] E B EB D $ D A C MC D B F F x = eε 0V 2 % d S C $ $ B E B D E x B D M D EBX D V MBQ^ D B E D $ E D D EB D V $ D P Vf CDD C A CE D B D D M Vi EB D PD^ D DD AB CDD C MB E B AC F F x = eε 0(V f V i ) 2 " d V $ D D EB D D DCC EME E B C ^ D Z D BD D M D V i B ^ F F x 2 eε 0 d V fv i D [ E B D E C E D Vi $ E D D EB D PD^ B $ $ D EB ED B O E E$ B AB ] D B D B C DE A CDD^ DD D A E B B B^ D B C B CC DB Q C $ ^ E AE$ F d 2 x M sis dt + Msis k dx 2 Q dt + kx = F x F ] B D k D E D D E B E CE C A D C E DED Msis ED CDD DDC$ E$ M DD E E E T TC Q D EB $ E ED B^ D E EB C D A D D EBD ] D DAD RC E $ C D CR D CEB$ D

43 DAEB F ω 0 = k [D E$ D C E E B E CE E B C BD B D ] ED EB CEB$ D ED D B DDE B ^ BAD DD BD AE D M B E LMB BD E CE D DC D^ B D D D B CCB M BDD$ D LD^ D DD D CEX D D D D D D EB D $ D E D QR$ D B C D D C$ D B D D B B DDD E N C C EZ $ B B E M ^ B EC D D $ E D B D F B ED ^ P D B D D B CDD DD D [ AD B C D E! B C $ D BD EEC D C$ D C E D D D D D CE Q D B B D QCD A CD B CC D M D D JJ M sis B ]D B D WVWK E $ D D D D D C DD D D D B^ D B D CC M B C D XC C W W+CD ] RC B M A D D D X D P E^ D BD BD B D D D D DED D B M C $ B DDBD AQ B ^ C C E M WD D D C C B D CD D D C D ND BD AE $ ^ M D C CD M D $ D A C BB RD $ EB D D E E L M D B D^ DD E E D B$ D D D ED D E B ED D M D D BD AM D BM C M D M D $ $ R D C D D CD [D B$ D D D DD A C E ^ A ^ DD $ B D D D C E ND BD AM BQDD^ BD$ B C D D D D E! CX D CB DAD RCD D A D ND B BD^ BAD ACE D E C BD $ C D B M D B D D D C $ D D DD C B B BQ C D D D N CB B D D D DED D D D R D D C PB D E CE P ACE EB C B BQ C M ] C D E DD D D C D OD M D G D GD]O+ ED BDD D E B DD D BQ D EM X C WVWK ED D D CB! D M D ] P % E DE$ B M Q Q E O D BE BQ C E C AD C ED BQ MXD D ND B B^ W EB BE DEB

44 % % KE$ B E B AD CB! D M D K B GD]O+ E CE BEE E B ED E B CC ^ E CEB$ D D E $ V $ ^ B! M D B E D Q R D^ B $ D B D C E B C C D AD^ " BC AM CC ND M D ED E E $ B ED C D RD B D $ $ D UD DB D ^ A AE ED! D RC C! ]D B D $ D D CB DAD RCD D RD C DD AM B EE E C D EB F D W SVW K^ WB S VB WBQB KAD CD ]D D D D AsGr D DED B D BD B D D$ D D XC C M D E ED $ D ] E B CC B ED DD D C BD DD $ ^ B CC B $ ED C M D D B CC B EBX $ CC C D AE ] DD E ED C B C C D B D $ D E D CB DAD RCD D B D E BD B D [ DD E ED D D B D $ D C B E E E C D C X!B ]D ED CB C D C D B OED EB D $ C D A D CR D B D WVWK WSVW K DDED B ^ AD D BBEE CR D ] B D AEB EDB C A CE A C V D B DA QRD M D B D^ D DD! D CD B MB D EDB ^ M TD JD C D BQ NWN D D B D D C

45 " " W B CB C D TD JD C D D G B E B C A D BQ AB X $ K B ][H + L L BEC CE $ ] P " ED B BQ ^ CE Q E B D E 9; <>9 <=/.432>49/ 12 : 4.3G 0< H29 ]D C BD DD D D ED A D D ED B E C C [ D BD D D EDED E B A EDB $ D D D DB C D BD BM E D M ][H+ K BXB D C A $ AB B BQ D D DE^ EDB AD D EME ] $ D B CCE A CE A CC DB C B E EB X D $ C P C B D CC AE ] B E B C D ED CE D P D [AD E E B D E BD B E D D $ D M D $ D E B C A B CC 9;<>9 <=/.432>49/ 19: ;43/0 ;4/04/: = ;9-. ;=-.4H29 W WTCF ED D CB E B D B C EB CE $ B D B DX D [ A AB C D B C C DE B D E ED D CE Q D E B D C E EB CE $ D D B C B D V $ ^ D BD BQ D D B MD M D C MC D D E BD

46 D F WB C D CE $ D K B WTCF D^ D D D! D C$ C E B D EEPB D D MBED CB EB $ BD E ED D ED ] C D BE D BQC CE $ D B E B $ DD D $ D DD BE ] D M C D D D EDE E D B EE C D DD D CE D ND P F^ M B B D DD D BD C D ] CR P BQ E M D C D C D B O D E A CE A BQC M $ ] RC B B P B C BQC AB M B B O D P A CE A CB EB XC D D E C A OY ] CEB D D CD D CB DAD RCD D RD E DD D D D B D F XB C E DB C J D E DD B E D DAD RCD CD B D D $ A B C A E B D Q C D B C ^ CB BQ D B ^ MD D C D B ED D D D M D CR D D $ ^ DD E ^ MB DD E A!B CEBC D ^ BC D B D D $ C DD MDDC AB BX C AB M E QAD$ ^ M DD QRDD ^ ^ BCE DB $ D D A D E BBDD! D$ A EBCX C ^ B CEB ^ D B D AC D D

47 F B M B LNO 9;<>9 <=/.432>49/ 19: J40<239: ]D BD LNO DD E E $ C E D C E D D D DB C [ B CD M cm 2 B CC M D P B ND BQ D BE$ D D EDED B CC D D C BD C ED D B^ BD D D EDD MB AEBQ D E QA D D ALNO D B D B [D D D C $ ED D D D BD DB D PED E D ED D D D C R $ ] B B B ^ DA ^ C D B DDBD RD EBDD E D EE $! K ^ K D C EE $ $ EB C DX DU MD D B B D LB C ^ D D D C C B C D D E C $ D^ C C BD B C D D D D V EX E B C ^ BB B DB P$ ^ EB $ EE Q ^ C ^ D D CB BDD D D C D E$ M D^ D CEC D^ D ED MD AE ^ B LMB AMRC D ED AE C B CC B DDXP^ D DD B C D BD B D ^ CX D ^ D D BQD AQ CC $ D M C M D ED C! D D B C D AB D AE C $ ^ D CB E B D B D D D M C D ]D B B D D D D M D F D A D D CD D A D A ^ AM C A D C B^ C C D$ B XB A X D D D EBP$ C A ^ CR D DM^ DA D D A D CR C $ ^ LCE E EL ABBRD C B D ED AE C D C J M BD B B D D DC D B EM ED WE [AD O Q $ AD M R C! A EB DAC $

48 B Q CCX ]AE B D A D AQ CC $ DD DE CR [ $ E A $ $ D ED B C DBBXPB D ED CD C BQ BQ MB D!B ED ED BQED^ D $ D ED D QAD$ D ]AC D D EB D D E C BD B B D ]A D M D D C $ D E B D E C $ D [GM ^ C D D ^ ED ^ E C A BCE A D A D A M D D CD D K BQ$ M ^ D B D $ D! D D D D! D ED ]D C MC D D D MD D E B D D E C D D QA D $ EP D A D P BD D ND EB D M! D D $ D D BM D C E B D D D B D D D D D M C D N D D D ED D D D L E E CE EL DD E B EE Q ^ WD B RCD D BD ED F D AE ^ DDX BQ ^ D ED ^ B M ME $ B D B A D A [D M D BQ BQD D BD CB D EE O D M D E D B BQ D C D D D $ M D BQ D D CB D EE ^ D CB DAD RCD^ D D D CD N B Q D E D CD A B ^ D D D EEC D B B E D D BDD$ D $ B D CEB$ EB $ T A ^ D B $ ^ A M D B C CD ^ D CB D DADB M D EBQ $ $ D CB D $ $ D CCR D [D CD D M D CD D D DAD RC ED EBX CEB$ CD " µm µm^ B CC D P D CD D B B E D $ D D EEC D D D B CC D BD D BD ND BD D WVWK D CB B C D D^ D M C MX C $ E D D E D E B D EB $ CEB$ G C ^ B B E M D B B E A B D ^ EB $ ^ A CE A B CEB$ EE C D B D VD ^ BQ$ B $ D M D M ^ D! D D B C QAD$ RD E E ND D BD^ BAD D D CD AEB $ CEB$ ^ C D QAD$ A B D D M EB BD C D ] CB B C Q C$ ] D B D C D XE E$ BD ] E CE ^ D C E D B B E D $ D EB $ D DD ^ EB $ E CEB$ D D EB B B ^ DD B B D B ED B C A B

49 VP^ B D B D E B D CD D D D ]A$ AEBQ B B C D B D D D^ B CC D AM D M D AC D B CC D X $ D C

50 %

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52 % VC ED MB C VC ED D N E CD B C D K B TKCD B

53 ED D D C D A!B D $ ]D RCD B D A BQC EC A D E D D EB [ BQ$ D C AE D B $ D D $ MB ED M D B D E BD C ]A B BD BQ D D M ED BD EBQD D E CD M N N D^ D E ED EB $ D C E DE A B D A E ^ B ED BD E D DD D D CE $ D D ACR D M ] DB C E C E RD E ^ D B B M D B D B D BB D^ B CC C B D D A BQ D D B B D E ED [D BQ D D D D B A B O ^ B C BQ D A D DB C M DB $ ED AM B CDD N D^ A E BD BQ D AD D D F C A D D D A BQ^ D M D BBD ED A E A D M CC EB $ M D RCD D D C D D$ A A D B RMC C R D M L BD EBQD^ D C DD A $ D BQ$ D Q D AE M D B EBDD A $ D D ED A D $ CCD M ND B D ]WL H A BE L H ^ D M D B E M DD E BD A D MB D E D D E DD D CB CE $ D ] BD E BD E AE D QE CRD M D BD A C E B D RD B B M D D E A B D D W]P + O D BQ BQ D M DA D B D M M D BQC D A B D Q$! D D ]A D D D E E E BD EBQD B M D C E RD E D D $ DB C D BE C$ D ] E CE D B C E B A $ $ C MC M $ D DCD D EB RB D A CE A DDED VDQ VWCC EB M B A BEE C D ED D Z D MB D CD D A " µm CR VB E D^ A E BD BQ D MB D BQ$ D [W SK AD D ]A D D EB D C D BEE D CC A D EBD L ]WL H A^ D E BD E E B D D D RBD B M C B D AB D D B BD D D M CC % CC [D D$ D B M D DED A A A B D F% µm^ D E D D EB C I E E D W]P + H G BD BEED^ RB D A EBD CB CE $ CD DD CD D EE D D CB CE $ D^ A A E %

54 %% VC ED BEE EB XE D D D K B KWYCD * + * (( ( M D BEED Q C$ D D D B D D A D D ]D BEED D D D D D A D F RMC C R D ND D BD^ D B D B B E D $ D D B O BQ D P M $ BEE CB BQ D D F A EBD C E D B C E A ^ D D D C E D EBD DDB E D E E$ B D ND D B D MB D CD D EE D CB E E B EED H C H

55 ]AEB XE D E E E MB D BBRD EBQD CB DB $ D CD DA $ $ D C E B B D N EB D D A ^ A RB D D ED D $ EB $ D D $ E [ BEE D RD CD E C E AD D B D D B D D $ M B ^ D B D D D B D B C D N WD ED D M D K KWYCD C A D D BEED AEB XE D B C ED D BEED D M D D $ D ED A CB BE P ND C D BEED CD E C E B ^ M CD E C EE C D $ A!B ACR D ND BD CD E C EE C D $ ^ D B DEE D B DDBD D D BEED D C E AEBQ CB DB $ ] B E^ D BQC D B D^ D D D D E D D B B D Q$ D C E BXB D C CD D BQD BD RB G B D C E ^ D EE C D DD E R D D D $ D D D XC CD VV ND D CR " µm E E EDED Z ]D B D D C DD F B EB D D D B Q $ D D D D EEMD B D^ D ACDD ADDB D B D A D C D^ B P M D RCD B D D C MB EBD E P D D M D B CDD BD BEED A D MD DDC B D CE $ $ D C CCD G C ^ D MD D EDED BD BEED A P B CC CR P ] A B E D A D D $ $ R DD D CD D CB CE $ D B D E $ ED MB D BQ D EB D EBECC G A!B D ACR D^ B XB D BQ $ ED E D D M AED D C D D DD ] C D A C E EE B ACR $ D D P^! D D D DD ^ M A E!B E C ] BDD D C PE C B CB RBD^ CC M D C E D V $ ^ D E D CD D A CB C ^ B C D AE E BQ $ M C AE DD E B B RB C $ D EB$ D B D E CE $ D E D J DA B A $ AEBQ ] B E C! M A C $ EDE MB D BQ$ D CB E B ED ED EBECC D BQ$ ]JPL BE DB % S A!B CE BE C$ D MB D E D E CE $ D A " µm D G %" S BDD D E D E B DD D CB EB $ D DB C D B E D F D BQ$ D MD E O D B BQD CBD^ E ^ D BQ$ D DEB MD DE C ED D $ Q Q Q D BQ$ D D D B MD M J B C R C D BQ D BQ D D

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

57 % Y E B [WSK A DD D M CE D K B [Q %F

58 %B " G Q Q WVH D B D D B ]AE D CE Q DE B BQ C E $ B D $ E BEE [ AD D C E E D CD BEE E C C ] B BQ ABB BQ E D A B D Q$ D $ C E M D D LB L * * * ] B BDD D DE B E D C ED D D EB E D Q X Q Q V AC $ C ^ L Q Q QL DP EB D BQ MB CR [ BEE^ DC Q Q $ ^ C DEB B D D E A $ D E D MD D D B MD ] D A $ D E D D D M F A E ^ E O B BQ R ^ E O ED Q EDD ^ DD E DD C E ^ C D C D$ D^ D C E^ EM C ED^ DD E Q C E CE AQED ^ M ^ RMC B BQ Q EDD BQC$ ]AE M E D EC Q Q Q D D E B BQ CB^ E C J D A D ED F D M E M ]A C E DC B CD$ ^ A C E B C EC T B BEE B C EDE D C D QR RD B C B DDR D EE D D E ]AC D CD$ D D EC RD C ] CD$ DD MC BQ D EB EM D RCD $ B ] D F D BD A Q Q B B ^ CD D DAD RCD $ D C A D CD$ D D EBD D CD D D E D ND B DD^ CR DE

59 EBD ED D M D A ^ BAD D M CR M Q D E ]D DE$ BD E B D BD BEED $ R D M C C D$ D Q Q BD CD$ D M ED D D MB D D G B^ BQ$ D B AC E E CD ^ BAD M D M D ] D CR E E B ^ D B D MED D D D D A ER D MB D BD E $ ED BD B D M R D D D D E D LD^ CD D E A CBQ A ^ M A D A D DD E [ $ D A E D BD D E D C X D D * * ] C EE $ D BEED ARMC DEB ED C E D M T D E D D DEB M E BAD XX E $ E D M $ D $ ED BQC$ C D $ E D C E LD^ M CR DEB M A CE D C D$ D ED D AE Q Q Q DB C ^ D PCD EBECC E DED P A E M CD$ E M D C C D B C D C D B BQD D E D J D D ECD M F Q C DRBQ D DC BQB ^ D D ] D D DD C D B D D M Q C D E D D ED D D BQC$ $ D CD D E CD D D C D C D D V MBQ^ M DC^ D C E D D BED D DC DD DD U EB ED D E CD D D D EBC D D A M B B B B D D EB ] M $ B E EB M C D M! M B LB C [WSK L B ED M B E E E! D D E D E B DD E B D CB EB $ EB R E B CC D $ E D DB ^ P E D D B D D A E D A D M C M D M D D D DED D D BEED E B WVWK D M D D MB D D D A S TWL [AD E D EB BQC$ QD $ E D ^ A DB C DB $ E D MB D QA AD E C B C D D A F Si + 2OH + 4H Si(OH) 2+ 2 %C

60 " D LMBED MD A M D A M D D K B [Q Si(OH) OH SiO 2 (OH) H 2 O ] E EB D RD E A D B D DB C ] M DD M CE µm.mn 1 M D A B D Q$ D D EBD B B ^ C D EBD D D BD W D M DDD M D E D EE D EBD A % E D EE D EBD A B CC M D P D ] D QE CRD AD D M D RD B C ^ C DD B D B D! B CC C HFB ] S ED D D AD CD C$ DEB M E D C E B CC A C C N D^ D D DD CD D CC D D BQ D [WSK B $ E D B E E E D BQ D # TWL ^ D $ D ^ B B AC WD D B C E [WSK D M DEB M E A C C E $ A D B CC DE D BD D WVW K * + S BD M D D D M C B D B E D BM E D D B D D DB C ^ D D D B BQD EBECC E DED ]AM B M D B C [W SK D $ A MC DEC D BM ED D D B D D D D DD D C CD$ D Q Q D D QE $ C A D^ DD E D A D DEB E! E D A E EBE J D DD D D L L P A E M D [D D B D M D D D L DD D A E L D A DD M D E DDU C D^ M D E S EC E D! M EB M M EB R D CDDD D D D C D BD D B D D A BBEE CR D M BQ ] CB D EB R EBDD ED A E Q Q P B E C D$ EBDD DEB U M [ Q Q

61 " F [ A D B D D K B [Q E A! A C MB EB M B $ D D RCD EBD EBDD AC A XEB [ BQ$ D RD C AE D B D A B DD ED CC P $ D D C E B M D EB M G B D B D^ D EBDD ED D DD EB M $ A EB R [ C C C C D M EBDD M D E D E CD D D D D D M BQ$ B O M BQC$ D D E D B E BM E D V B D U D DB C^ B BQ A M $ DE E D D E! MED CB EB X $ ] P F C B A D B D D A DAD E BDD DE ^ C $ D D D D D D M D * * ) ND BD CB D D EB^ D D DB C AD D $ E ]D D B D D DED D C C B BQD D B D ADB C B BQD A AD^ ED B BQD DB PBD ] B BQ$ D EBP$ E B D WVW K D B B BQ DB PB ] B D A D B BQ A A SiO2 B CC D D E O B BQD D B D ADB C D E D M D E P A D BM ED D D C X D L A B BEE^ ED C D BQ R D A E MB D D EC C D D DC C D EE C D D DD D S M B BD BQ R D D P " ]D C D B A BEE D B C LE DD N L L N 1/2 L D RCD B E HW ]D E BD B E B E B D B BQD D D AE ARMC B BQ DB PB ND D D E E MED E B RC MB A D B BQD QA Q D D C D QR D B $ DD BC AE $ AE U D Q C$ C S EER D M DRBQ

62 " B IED A BQ R MB BEE WMWGK [D BEED D B B C D MB D BEED D D CB EBX $ ^ D E D DDE EB $ M E D D ED D X BDD ] D D B C Q C$ ^ D B BQD D B D ADB C D E DED D C E D E DD C Q C$ F D B BQD CE D D C BD C E D D PD DB C D C C BQ D C E G CE B^ D D BQ$ D E E EM ED F ]D BEED E ED F D D B D D D D D EDED BDD E B [WSK^ B $ C D BC E CE ^ B C E M D CD$ D CC $ AE M B BQ DB PB A CC D EB $ D C E D^ D B BQD ADB C D B E DED M D D CE D CD BDXB D C RD C E ]D BEED MB EB $ E F B D EM E D D D K D $ P K+CB B DD M A A M DB C D D BQED D D$ D D E $ ED D D B D D D D^ D D EB $ D D EDED D BO E BD BQED P M D B BQD DB PBD $ L BQ L D BQED [ BQ$ ED D M D E D D B D ADB C MB D AD D E D E B [WSK D BDD D MC E D B B D CEB$ XEB $ RD ]D CB DAD RCD D X BDD F D B D ^ D B BQD ADB C D E DED D BQ [WSK G B^ C B CEX

63 D D R C ^ E CE D A C C D D B B D P WD B ED EDM AM C P BDD D [W SK^ D RCD B D ED D C D D D R ADB C DD EC " ]D BQ D EBECC ED ED D B B E D $ D D BEED WVW K CD D EBD BEED D D [WSK D M DD D D D D D EBP$ D BEED D D # B D D D E C A B M C E C D C E EU EB $ D B CC ALO M A L CR D $ E D E DD EBD NW ADD D D B C A E MB D B B D [WSK DB D D E $ ED EB $ B CC C AE C ] B M M D B M C C EBD E C B C D D BEED BDD$ D D BQD DB C WD RC DD D B B E D BEED B Q CD ^ B C ^ CCC B C DD O D ED D C B D BEED DD D DD A D DB C $ DDR E B D WVWK^ D D X E D D CB EB $ M D C D D DAD RCD CEB$ D 89 ] [WG ^ DD BQCB XCEB$ D D X D D C AE ND BD D CB DAD RCD^ B E D B C D B BQD DB PBD V $ ^ E O D AD D B E C BE DB B D D B BQD EBE D D BEE B C C AE D^ E $ DAD D $ D EBD M D EE D D DE B C D S M B QE CR D P C ] D B BQD A A D B D M E D D B BQD D B D D D EB O ND B D BD^ AD D M $ D B BQD D D C D^ D A D BD^ A M E BC E C A D EB D A ^ D M E B D B E E AE D EB D C D ND B BQ ^ E D E C AC$ B D EB D D BQC$ MB! B B D DMD ] ARMC C R D MC E C D C C CD D ED D D A A E E C D C D ADC E N D^ D AD DD $ D CE D ACR D M DED MB [WG ] BEE D B OE E BQC$ ^ C E D ^ D D M DDD E D $ DD $ E D ND BD D BQ D KMW WT

64 "% C ] D $ D BEE [WG KMWWT N D D K^ ]AE [WG D E D E O D B BQ DB PB D ADB CD D B D ] B BQ A A DE B CC B BQ DB PB D E CE D B BQD EBE D^ EBDD D ] D D ]WL H A^ D M D E E CED M D B B A M CBQ [WG D $ D M A B D BQ D WVWK L L B C E B D B D BE H 8=.93G-0>049, KSJ DP ND B BQ ^ E DB C C A Q$ D C BE E D D F P B BQ DB C D EB $ $ D B D AD CD D D CB D ^ B BQ C E D A $ C B AD CD D D D DB C [ BQX C D E C BD CB EB $ F Q E E$ B^ D^ C E N D B D CC D E BQ D [W SK D ]A D KSJTV[ [ D RD P D CC E D KSJ D B BEE B ND C D WVWK^ B BQ D B BQ AD D M A A SiO2 B CC B BQ DB PB [ C A D D C D DB C C B D V $ ^ $ B M D NIJV CR B BQ DB C C B D D M D QD $ D SiO2^ R D D B D CR B BQ B CC C P 89 8, ] ]JPL! D BEE A X C $ B DDB EB A $ CE S E D B BQ E DD ED Q DD D D M GWWL $ A D D A D

65 "" SiO2 ] BQ KSJ E WVWK K B F TISOJ[ AK WB DAD CD^ Y B B D A D AMN ] CE B D D BM E DDE EM X C ED^ E DE E B BQ AC B E EBDD EC EB M E D ED AE^ D RBD D C D CEB$ D S M D P BEE D B MC E $ D RBD BQ D C D D $ D C D D ]D B B E D $ D D RBD D D D D M D F " " ^ D E D D EE C ^ EBD EE CB ^ Q CC $ $ D B D CB D! D$ A BC S M $ ^ D BEE DDC B B Q Q Q E O B BQD CBD^ D B B E D $ D CD D D RD E ED ] B EDM BEE D $ A D RD B D CD E E D A D Q D E B D CE Q D MD D $ NIJV D EDD M D M! ND BD BD^ D B B E D $ D D RBD D D C D C DD D CC M D EBD [ BEE DADB D D BEED MD E B CB D CEB$ D CD D WVWK B BEE AD D B C MB D BQ$ D N]KJ C ]D EEPBD D BQ$ D E B CX DED BE BQ M E DD E B CDD D E V $ ^ DC MB Q Q BDD$ D $ D RBD EDED M! ^ C C DA E D M ADDC $ D ^ D EEPBD B C DD D BBDD D ] D D D B D D D C D EM C D CB DADX RCD V $ ^ C ^ D D E $ AD DD D C E B CC M D D C D BQ $ AD D EBQ C D EDB A EB [ EB D C D

66 "D G BEE ]JPL C B $ D DB E BEE D E [Q^ C D E CE D D

67 "F M DC Q C$ A CB DAD RC B D E BD A M C E B C B R C DDE^ BD D B D BQC$ D D B D D D L M D E B D A B D ^ M F [ CC B MB C E ^ G B CB DAD RC^ YM D C DAD RC ^ VMB BQ B CC M D P ] A CB D D B C $ B A B BDD$ B D E B ND BD A B ^ C ^ D C BQ E B D M C CD EM D B E B ]D RCD B MB A E D ^ MB EDB A C D QR LML D D B D D D EB D ] B ^ AD B C QAD$ D EBD BQ B B EB G M D E X C BD BB D^ A CD D D D D EBD D D M BQ D C D D RD EEM C B ]A D D DED^ C C EZ $ D CB BDD D C B B D AB D D $ D B CR A ^ D EZ E BD B D HH CB ND BQ ^ D M D C E $ B D B D D EE D D D D D RD DC ^ B BC E D C D$ A DA A EB V $ ^ C C B DD C ^ AM C E! O E E D B B E D D ]A D B C B D M D B D V $ ^ ED M B" B D B CDD C D D E D L DL S EBC D C D WVWK E CD E C C D DE D B D D ^ D ED A E B WVWK D ^ E EB RD B D E! # D D^ D D DD D D M B A C D B D F D D EB $ D M E ^ D D D $ EBDD D CDD D ^ D D RD EB D D RD B D K E D B ADDC BDD$ BAD XX B C E DAD RC A

68 "B EBQ CB DB $ C D DDC CB RBD CEB$ D ^ D D BDDD B F D KG KAD C GB D K [ KAD C [Q * + ] B D DEC B C EQD D A DAC DADX RC WVWK D D B D B CC B C D L D L D B D DAD RC J B B M B XBQ V ^ G B D B C D D DDED B D D^ B BD G B D BD^ D D D B D WVWK G B A D EEC D DD E B C DAD RC D^ D^ B IY ]D M D KG D D C E D E K ] DX C D B C D D D DAD RC D CR D C B O K R D D BD D B D D C C C B D D ^ P M B B KAD C [Q * * ' ] B DD B B A E D D E $ ADC DAD RC D C C E ]D D EB $ D D $ D D WVWK M E D D D BQ D B C D N C C EZ $ D C D ILW^ ISW^ NILW D B D D CR C Q$ D D B XC C [ E DDE CC C DD D E CBD C D CD EB C$ D^ B AA D A E ADDC ^ B CD D $ D E D B C E OEC D^ C RCD BQ $ D D ED ] RC B M E XB C E B D BQ D CC M Q C$ G D E EB $ E $ E D E D$ A M B D D D B D WVW K D DD D A B C E A $ C D DD D % [ B $ C D MD B D D BQ D BEED V ^ B D C E D LB C DL BAD XX $ AD $ D D DB C M B D A D EB D B CC C DE D B BQD C E D D E B C B ND ADC ^ D B D EM C B K [ D E CD M D E D $ A RD C

69 "C O D M D ED E D B BQ DB E D CE Q D E B CB D D D D F C D D BDD D CEB$ D^ D BQ D CB D E E D DB C A B D BEED D B D D EBP$ D CB DAD RCD [ AD D BEED E B D C B C E D B B E D $ D D CB D $ D M D ED AE D C D A B ND BD D CB B C D D D WVWK^ B B E D $ E C D A D B D BQ D N]KJ ] B C E D E B D EB $ D CEB$ D DD D E$ D BQ$ D DD D ED A D DB C [D CE Q D B B C D BQ D BQ D BD D [ C $ E CE E N 1/2^ B C B CD B D D D C $ $ D CB D ]A B E BD CE Q D E B D DD E ADDC M E $ ]D BQ$ D M BQC$ ^ DD BED B B BQ DB PB^ C A D C MC D $ E D D DD M B E ADDC [D E D D EB D C M BD EBQD RD B DD B D E EEPB B CDD VD D $ $ D EDED D B B ^ B DR $ D E $ E E! DDC E

70 D

71 ]D ADD B DEB MD D B D D CE Q D E B D CD C EMB B D B B E D $ D D CB D G D B QRD^ DAD E D B R C D D CB DAD RCD EB CEB$ D WVW K O D D D B B B E D Q D $ D! D E C ^ E D A M ^ CD DD B C D B ED BDD D B B ^! RC B C DB M CB DAD RC EB CEB$ ED D B B E D $ D D M D F ND CD D CB CE $ D^ M E B D BQ D DD D A D N]KJ^ M E CE ^ ND E CD DC D^ N C MC $ E D D^ ND D B D C QAD$ D EB D^ M DDC M E B ^ ND B D D D B ED D CD D^ M B C E B 9: 14; 9-:40-: ; 43/0;./4H29: ]D CD D ^ D C E B BX E D $ ^ D A CB ]AEM D E ^ DAD RCD CEX B$ D^ D C D O D M D M $ D BD A CB DAD RC D CD D D E DD C CCR [ D CB DAD RCD D DD ED B CDD ^ C C D D CD D LQ D L D A B CR D^ C E B B E D $ D CB DB $ CD D B CC C D BD CB C D DAD RCD!B "-9 I=J/43=.40- <=/ >9:.93G-0>0 49: 4::29: 19 >?4-12:./49 8, O D M D M $ B C E CEB$ EB $ E EEC E C D WVW K $ B B E C BQ C CE Q D E B V $ ^ D B D BQ D DED E B D WVW K D E O B BQD CBD^ Q Q M D $ D BEED ED B X B [ DD E EB $ CEB$ B ^ CD B D

72 D DD D B D B B C E CE ^ BQ C E B D D D "-9 0;./49 <>=-=4/9 ] A D D BQ$ D E B N]KJ C $ E CE F D CD D D D D D DDU D MB EBD $ $ D RC CB D^ ED Q Q ^ A CD ^ B D D E DD D D $ $ D CB D ]AE DD CC D E B E DB C ^ D BD C A M EB M EB R E CDD D D ^ D A " µm 9: I0/;9: :4;<>9: M D B B E D BQ D N]KJ D M DC B E D E CD D W C D BD A WVW K B C B CC ED ^ E CE D DDC B [D E CD D CED EM MB B C E D CB DAD RCD $ B CCB B D E CD B B D^ BQD O D M D D BQ D D D A C R E CE DE Q Q 9: =:<93.: ;2>.4<G:4H29: < <>=J>9: S A E EB X $ CEB$ ^ CD $ D M D M D RD E D M D AC B B E M ^ BQ$ B D D D C B $ CR C DD B D B B [D B D^ DD BED A E D E B D^ E $ A D B EB D $ D QAD$ D D B B 02 9; /9 >9: 14 /9-.9: <=/.49: ] B EM DAD RCD EB $ D D D A C MC D D DAD RC D D D [ C $ DD AC B DRC CD ^! D$ A D CD B D D AM $ A C B CC M D B M C D E O D B E CD M D EMB D BQ ] $ E B $ D M D EM $ E CB CEB$ CB B C D D WVW K D EZ B C MC D EDE ND BD A DAD RC B D E CB RBD CEB$ D^ D C MC D M D B C D BD DAD RCD D D M D C D D DAD RCD CB V MBQ^ D BD D WVW K^ D C MC D D D BD ^ D D D D M EDED EE C D D D "- =::9;J>= 9 = =-. I=J/43=.40- ] C MC D D B B E D $ D BD CB D^ D M D M $ A E D EE C RBD D D^ D E B D RBD B CC D BD CB BQ R ] BQ$ DE B E BM ED E D D B D D B B BQ DB PB [ BQ C $ $ D D D D B ED DDC D $ E D D LM L E B ^ B B B E C B B

73 9: </4-34<9: 19 :0>2.40-: : <=/ >9: 14; 9-:40-: ]D $ D AEBQ! D D B D D D^ D C ^ D$ A E E M DAD RC^ D D DE D EE C D O $ D D D A M G D^ D M D M MB AC B CC X $ $ B D B D M E B $ A BD EBQD "- 30; <> I > S M M DD EM D F DD E B D B ^ DE BQ B B D EB $ D D! D A D E B D A EB MB C E F B D E C D^ D B XB ] E E DAD RC^ MB D E B ED LCEB$ DL D EC D D

74 D%

75 D"

76

77 ]A!B E B D B B E D BDD D B B D CB DAD RCD EB CEB$ [ B B E D D E BDD D B B $ A B D D C D CEB$ AEB $ ^ D E DD E E D M E D BDD D B B E DE^ AD E C C EMB B D D B XB D DC D E B CR C O!B E D B M F D D C $ D C CE Q D A D D D D D A CE G C B E ^ D M D E B DX D^ QAX QRDD F D D D M C AEB $ CEB$ ^ BAD B D BD B D $ A E D ADD^ AD A BDD D D E B B D EBDD N A M CE Q $ ^ B D B C A BQ E Q X Q$ B! C MB AD E DB P$ D D CD CEB$ ^ CB EB $ D WVWK 89: :./49>: 1?2-9 ; 94>>92/9 30;</ G9-:40- ] ME C BQ BQ D C B B D D D EB C$ ] C BQE B B B D D EEC D C D A D D D M C D^ B C EQD D C BDD D B B ^ C D DD EM C ^ DD D EEPBD PB D D DD B C E MD [ C D MDE D BDD$ C F DA B D B D^ D ED $ E S D $ C! D EBD D DD RD C B B D BD $ D B D B EC A$ ^ B CC D E D P E [ [ P BDD$ C $ C D D B D D E C BDD D EM C ^ E D B XB D C BQE C C M D E ^ M E [ QE CR D C DDCE CD^ E C E C BQ BQ D D CE Q D B B V $ ^ BAD D QDD B B $ D! D B B E D $ D EB C$ D D D F D B B D D EBD D B D C EB C$ DF

78 DB ]D! EB C$ D EM C BQ$ BQ B B ND C D WVWK^ BAD A E D O D $E D CD $! D D D B D T A E EB C$ BD D M B C DD^ MB D D B D B C D D D E ^ C RD EB B CC C E B M [ E D C D EBD D DD B M M RD C BDD D EM C ^ C C EZ $ D P EBE ] B B B D A D ^ D $ D EM D D D D^ D D $ D D MB D C D CD D C BQE $ D BQ$ ED A $ BQBD E DD EB C$ C M MEQB C M C D EM C U AED D D ED CF N D E D ED ^ E %B C D D ] ^ B! I H CC ND C D CB DAD RCD^ DC $ A D B D D BQ$ D A B$ D D B C D D D $ D CB C $ ED D D D D ]AEC B D BQ D A B D A DDE D BQ BQ EM C C B $ D D D D S D X C D $ ^ D B C^ D D M D M C BQE CB EB $ D $ B A C ^ BB BDD B D ED ND D CE Q D E D D ED D B B EM C D D C D BB D^ D M D A D N D^ D BQ D EM D CC C D A $E B EM C ] $ E A Z B CC D B B E E C ^

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

80 F " < = /: 4--0 =-. <02/ <.40- / /9 NM B B R EC D BQ D $ D D D E DD D^ C D D $ D D B D B B B B E M^ M ^ R VD X D QEC $ A M D BD B B R ^ C E AD B D R C M D BQ D CDD! G E B $ D D D A $ E D D M D A M G ] M ] ^ L M D E D D ^ BDD D ED ] ED D B CC BDE J D B B E DE D M E M C BQE B B E E $ A D B $ A M B ^ $ B BB M D D C M D B ABQ ] BDD D D EC BQ D $ M B B B ED B ED [ EC BQ D D E D B C DE DD BD Q CD C E D L G ] ] ^ A M D D CR B EB C$ X C D M M E^ B B ^ EB M B WD A M AD D D C ED M A A D BBRD EB C$ ^ BAD DD BDD D MB D QDD BQ$ D^ D D B CC BD ND B DD^ D B B B M M $ D M HB HCB $ E B B B M R F B B R DA D DAD RC RD^ B M D B X DDBD D D E D D D BDD D ^ A M D E AB D D ^ BDD D D ED AB D L BD EP D^ B B E D B B CB D B CC LB B R D C BQ D M DL V $ ^ D D D B Z D D ED C M D B DDBD DED B B D D D DED B D D C E B ^ C$ B B AC D CDD B E DDD $ $ D B D RD C D A C $ B B CB D D M VD A D C D B C D^ CC D B D D MED HB N C C EZ $ A D DM D C D ^ D D E ^ $ A D B B E M >=- 19 >= 1924 ;9 <=/.49 ND C C D^ D D EB D BBDX DMC MD D CE Q D C RD D BDD D B B DAD RCD CEB$ D CB EB $ D ]D B D BQD EDD BD B B D D C D C B C BDD D B B D WVWK^ BQ R D C D O D AD D D D CE Q D ED B B D WVWK EE ^

81 F D $ D D A B B D D B C G D^ D EB D E B D D A D KTWB B BD [ D J D ED D B B E D AE$ BDD D B B D CB D WVWK D $ D D M D D MED O D C D P EMB D E D B BDD D $ D! D X CD C CE Q D A D O D D D ED AD C P E BD C$ D

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110 78 A5 W N Z T W Q L P M J J L W Q L P R J Y R Q L LL J S J J J L W P " L W R W Q S P KL K S M R M J " W M Y Q T J W M L P J M U R W M J N E?7 E9B@= >@97=9B7 A7 AD;@C>@8B9B@= YQ J M J L Q J J Q M J Y M J W M Q T M J W J W P Q Q J L J W O W O R Q L J S L L " N J Q W Q T M L W LT M J P M R Q L Q L J Q J B7 A7 W W J Q Q M J M L M J S M L L P M \R " W Q L S M J Q M W O O M S M J J Q JQ O Y W L JW Q N L M J M M W JQ L M

111 L Q J M W Q W M J Q Q " M L " W T " W J M L Q Q M Q J Q Q M L E 7E5?D;E>B95 E9B! J J Y J L W O M W L S L Y M M J KLT K M " L W Q L J O W M \ W L! W W J J L W M W M L L M J J J!! L Q J J Q J N O S L M J L J F U JQ W S W M J Q W P 1/2 R M W L Q!! J Q

112 !! " J N J W W M J Q!! Q " W W "!! Q SJ J " W Q L J Q W!! J L O " F W QJ S L W " W W Q " W W J W!! J S W Q!! # $ -% 3**(,' %, ) 3+,)!" *,0! "# Q M J P J M \R Y Q L $ W W L % G% %Y% I F J W N L P Q $ M LJ T $ L R J L N Q L % % P$ W Q M J R W W L Y S \[ M J P R P W R P R W O Q S Q W W J $ Q L S J N O M J J W M L M Q O L K K U Y W $ G H I W M J J W M M P R S

113 \ \[ W W J M G% % Y% I L Q K K V L L W Q W J Q L Q Q L Q $ M Q J M W % L M L J W J J % % M W O Q J W O L L SJ J S J W L % % J S L W J W QJ S L " "# ## "# "!!"# " " "!# " "# J X L M $ W L J U J L Q L M L W W W W M L Q Q W QJ S L P

114 L W R Q $ J S $ L L L S J J S V Q J Q W W Y Y L M J S L $ L S $ Q W F J M QLT J J S Y J [ H F $ \ H J S P Q $ R W W $ J S J $ J F J S S QO L P W W L W Q J J J $ Q R W $ L W J J W W L W Q J J WS L Q W W J J % % $ L T K K T J V % J M P M QW J $ M M L M M M M W Z R % J $ N P J X W L L R % J Q W % J J $ O M J N N W % % J J J Q M S L O J J $ W Q QJ S L M M Y J P L J W % W M $ Q R S Q Q

115 L M U $ M W O QJ S L W S Q M L YQ N J W $ L U Q M M % % T Q W W L W W Y % GY I Y M L W W Q U J Q W M $ Q " " "!" "!# " HH J Q Y M M $ F Y P R S Z Q J % % G H I J L J V J J J L M J J S M Q M M L % % L M L J W Q L M J Q L % % J J M J O L $ J Q W M L J Q W \\ % % % W W M W O S L M J L J W S W M J Q T W W M J L %

116 \ M Q M % M M W L O G \I P O L W R P M S \R LL J W Q Q J W L % J W O M J S % % S \ W L J M L M W P M S \HR W M M L O M Q LL J J W WS J Q LL J Y $ W J M L W Q Q M L W M L T $ L J Q L L P R W J W Q L W W V Y Q SJ % % V W J $ W M LL J Q $ M L V Y S Q M W Q

117 \H % % P G H IR [

118 Y Q Q V W #! "### # " " L Q N W L M W L % % W J J Y L LL J P$ Q J J W V LS R S Q L S Q J % Y J G% + \I S \ W JQ J J J J W WS Q $ Y WS $ V S WS M N W WS Q LL J J W S L Q W LL J W W P WS R LL J M L Q W J J L M L L L W T $ W J J W W LL J X U N W S $ W WS M W J W Q X M L M WS L N $ Q J J WS W J Q L W WS W M Q G I Q % % V

119 \ Q % % P G% + \IR H

120 Y S YQ W $ M Y W S J M J Q S J S V MJ L MJ L L F M W W L W J M \ L L $ W $ O S J L J W S S L Y WS W J Y T J Q M M W $ W Q L P \R Q W W M L L U P \ R M L JQ M W W Q G I Y J Q F GF H I J W \ M J L $ Q W W W M M Y L J Q J M L J F G% H[I W W J S J MJ P M S \R

121 \ J M S M P G% H[IR PMJ L V \ \ \ R # #! "# "# " " " % % O Q $ W M J J O Q M % Q W J Q Q Q J W Q M L W % T G% H[I Q W JQ W J J W W QJ S L Q W M L Q L J Q J Q QW Q J W J J J M % % M J

122 L % % $ W N J Q M L M Q W W \ W W % % W F M L W J Q J W \ "# # " # " +[ W Y S % % % W S W $ S W W \ W S \ S % % W S W Y $ % TM % % W Y W Y TM W W W Y + W T S W S \\ \ % Y W TM % TM S \ Y

123 \ \ W +[ \\

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125 \ W Y W W % % W Y % % W X W W $ W Y TM % %Y TM Y W V TM TM TM TM Y Y % % $ W Y $ W %% TM W TM $ U Y W TM W \ Y - ) 000!.#!

126 TM TM TM W Y TM TM W Y W TM V \ W \ W \ T $ X % %Y + W W Z W \ W Y W W TM W $ W W W $ Z W

127 \ W % % Y + [

128 "# "# "!"!#"! # W Y W W $ W W $ V W Z \ % TM % TM % % $ W W Y W W W W W $ W W % % V $ W \[ U W W $ \[ $ \ %

129 \[

130 \ % [

131 Y $ % "# "#! " " $ $ $ % $ $ $ $ $ $ $

132 $ $ $ % % $ $ $ % % $ "# # "!# "! "### "!

133 % $ $ $ % % $ $ $ $ $ # #! "# # " " " $ % %

134 $

135 $ $ $ $ $ $ % $ $

136 $ $ % % $ $ $ $ $ $ % $ $

137 $ % $ $ % $ % % $ $ + $ $ $ % $ $ $

138 $ $ $ $ % $ $ $ $ $ $ $ % $ % % $ $

139 $ $ % $ $ $ "# "!# " " " $ $ % % % %! "

140 % % $ % % % % $ % % % $ $ % %

141 % % $ $ % % % % $ $ % % $ $ % % $ $

142 % % $ $ $ $ % % $ $ $ $ + % % % $ $ % % $

143 " " " " " " " " " " " " " " % % % % $ % %

144 $ $ t $ "# " # ## # " " % % $

145

146

147 +

148

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151 eij d ij d 33 = C.N 1 m.v 1 V.m 1

152 +

153 ! " " " #! # $% "! " & ' ( ()! ' ) *! $ +, -! # ". //. 0 1 "! 2 "!

154 / 11 1 # 2 $ 2 $ * #! % $! " 0 " 2 # * 2! #! # # 2 &! 2$!! % 2 $! 2$ * $% 2 #$ 0 " " 2 0! # #! " 2 0 # & # 0 " # ' ) * #! # 2 0 #

155 / 1 δt! " $ $ ' $! 2$ ) 1 "!! #! #!! " #! 2 #! 2! # # $ " $ " " # " $! 2! "! # $%! # #!! *!! # 0 2 2! # 2 ' ) * 2 " $ & $ 0! #!! " $ ( ( #! # 0 1 # "! # " $ $! " # # $! # " # $ 2 # 2 2! " * # 2 $ # #! # " '

156 / # $ ) " # # $ # " %! " " 0! $ " $ # 2 " * "! -, ( ( % 2 $ " #" # " 0 $ δt 2!! " #! ' )!! % +! # * "! # $ " $! * # # #!! " "! #! # $ "!! #! #! 2! $ $ " 0 1! $ " # # "! # #! 2$ # " &! # " $ $ 0! $ #! $! # 2 '!

157 / 1 δt! " " " " " " " 1! # * $%& ) $ " " 0! " $ " #$ ' / ) # * $ & 0 "! # " #$! " ". /! " # " " " 0 " "!! # 2! # $ 0 1 $ " " #$ $ # # $! $ & 2 ( ' (! 0 # ( $% ( ( " " $ "!!! # "! * # "! # # " ".. $ " " # * 2 $! % 0 # " "! #! 0!

158 / 1 1 $ ' # ( $ & ) 2 * 2 # " # # " $ 2 % 2! 0 - # - $ & $ " # #! # " # " " "! # " " / 2 2!! %! # # "!! # #! " 2 2 # $ "! 0 " $ % % 2 $ *

159 / 1$ 2! $! # #" # #! "! " "! 2$ 2 $ 2 " "! % 2! # #! # $ 0! $ 0 $! $% * #! " % 0 1. " # #

160 / %

161 ( ( # $! " "! #! %! # '" " " #" ) "! 2 $ % # #! # " 2 " # #! 2 #!! $ %! "!! 2, "! " " 0 " # "!! " ' $ $! % ) ( 0 # 0 $ " % 2 #! $ #$ # 0 # $ " 0 2! "! 2", $% 1. $ " $ * 2 $ # # # / /

162 / % 2" % # " & $ 2 # $ "! # 2 2 $ ' 0 $ ) 2 2 % " 0! $! * #! # 0 # $ $ $ $ $ 0 # % # " $ & 2 ' # ) ' ) $ * #, % * $ $! # $ $ 0, # $!! " & " " #! 0! " 0 " % ' " $ "! ) ( (! " 1. % "

163 /. # " 2 % # $% #! ' "! )! # # ( 0 % " # 2! 2 2! $ $ 0 # #% 2, $ 2! " ( 0 2 " # $ $ ' $ " ) " $ $ " "! # 0 " # #! $ $ # 2 $ # 2 2 $ $ 2 * " $ # 2! # #! " 2! $ " # $ ' ) # # 2 2 % " $ #! $ " " $ # $! " # # "! 2 " 0 ' "! 0 0 "! " $ $ * # $ # $ 0! ( ( & $ $ % # $ #

164 / 1 $ %!"# 1 / % # & 0 1 / %! # 2 2 ' # ) # $ " $ # " 2 0! " " " " 2 # "! #! # "!! #!! # & # # # $% # # $ $ * #! " ( ( $ *! ( ( 2 2 #! 2 '

165 / & 2! $ 2 " # # $ " % #! % % " " ' " 2 ) # " " " # # $% &! # " $ " " $% # 2 0! " " $ # 0 $ 2 0 # $ 2! # " & #" 2 " " $ * " " 2! 2 #" ( ( 2 # 2 '! ) " " 0 " #! ' " ) "!! # " 2! 2 # $ 2 # 0 $ $ " # $% ( *! 2 # " '! ) " # # $! " # $ # $%! # " ( ( " $ * 2 " #! # 2 # $ &! $ 0! $ " 2 # # ' # 0 ) $ # $

166 /! " # % ' ) 2! # " #! $ " $ # $%! # # " & " # % " $ # # " $% $ $ 2 #" % % " # #" $ # $ * " # $ 2 $ # # $% $ "! % " $ " ( $ ( 0 $! $ # " "! #! $ " $!! " $ $! " 2 % ", " # " " # 2 2 %! " " " ' " " ) $ 2 0 %! " # $ # # " $ " # # #

167 / # " 0 " " " $ " # $ 2! # $ # " # # #! 2 #! # " $! # ' )! $ 2 $! # 2 # $ * 2"! " 2 $ # $ * $ # % / & "! " " $ ( # $ $ " " # " # 0 " " $ 0 " * $ # 0 # " #,!! " " $ + " #! # " " #! %! #! " # # # # ' % )

168 /

169 / $

170

171 " " $! * # "!, $ 0!! # # " " $ # & $$! 2$ 0!! # " -! " " 2$ '" # ( )! " 0! 2$ * $! 2! #! * # " # $ "! " "! " 2 # 2 # " #! 0! # '!!!! $ # # 2 ( "! " # " " # " # # * " " $% 2 2 " # $% 2!! / /

172 /

173 * " (! ( # #!! " $ ' ")# # " ($ %( # $% 2 % # 2! " % %& # ### & # %% % $!! # " 0 $% 2 " " # '! " # "! " & % " & 2 $ # (& " # " $ & 2 $ & 2 &!! & & & " #, " & " # $ # ( '! / & # # ' # & " %& # % #! &! %!! "!!! % # " & # " & $ /.

174 / 1 # %% " 0 # & " TM 2 " % " $ $% 2 " % %# ( # 2 &!!! #, & $ # & %& 0! #! % ' &!! 2 ) $ $ 2 $! ( (# "! % # " " # % 2 # # " " " # " % 2 $! 0!# & " "! % 2 2 $!# * % # 2 $ & % " " & $ % 0 ( ( ( (&! 2 $ ###, &!! % & " "! %# % & "! # % & # " # %!# ' " " $ " " $ & # $ &!! %! #! 2 $ # 2 " " # " % &!!! & % # &!# * " # 2 $ # " #, 0 & "! " # ' # # " # " # 2 "!#!! " & " $!! # #, $% 2 & 2!! %%!& "

175 %! # % " & $ &! 2 $ / & ' 2! % & " # % &!& % "! # 0 ' # " # 2 %! # / ( " % " & # 2 $ 2 & " % %# & " $ ( ( ( (& # " % $& " #!# ( 0 " % $ % 0! 2 0 $ %!# " " " $ 2!! 0 2! #! % # $ & #!!! # % & $ 2 $ % '$! $ 2 $ # * " $!# & 2 & '$& + & # " % % # ' # # " &! " & # &! #! 2 & ' & # $ 2 & 2 $ & & %& % " # ' " %! & # & 2 # & #! $ 2 $! " & #! # %! # * " # %!!! $

176 / #! $ %& # 2!# " # $ * * " " $ % # # " % 2 $& 2 $ " %# 0 &! " 2 '! #! % &!$. & ) 0 #! #! # *!! 2 # 2! 2! % 2 $ # ' " 2 $ 2 & # " # ' # $% 2 $ 2 %! # 2 $ # '! " & " "! % % " # " & # #! 2 $! ( (! 2 # ' 2! " $ 2 %! # &! # $ 2 # ( 0 % " " & " $! 2 $ ' 2 )& & "!! ' 2 #/# # #.)# * " " & 2 $ %!&!! & %& % 2 % " & 0 & % "! ' )& '$"(&, 2 # " 2 2 $ '$!# & # " # 2 $ % " 2 ' 2 # #.)# ' $ 2 %! $ & # & #

177 / #/! 2 $ & " 2 # " " " # # " % $ &! 2 $! 2 $ # "! # " #! 2 $ # ' & " % " % 2 % 2 $ 0! &! "! ' # ' # $% 2 # $ & " "!! $ %! # " & "! # $! 2 $ # (& % # & " #! 2 $ $ %, & 0 % #/# ' $ #!!! # $ & 0 & # % 2 #

178 /! # %& % " # % 2 2 $ # ' # $% 2 " "! 0! " %!# " / & # &! ' 2! #!)&! ' #! $ )& %!# ' % % $ " $ # # 0 2!# ' % & * 2 & " % " %!! # & &, # " " &, % %&, " # ' %! $ " 2 $ " # $ # % 2!! 2 " # % & # # 0 " # # "!! " & & " % %# ( " 0 & " " % %& 0! "! 2 $ #!& % TM " " % # " " " % $ " $!! # & " ( ( % 2 # % # ' # " $ & % & %% " # " "! # # % 2 0 # 2 " " #

179 / $ # % %, % & "! %& % % # ' " 2 & " % 0 "! $ # & # % # " # & % # ' % " % # % # " % 2 $ # ' 0 % # #! " % #! # %# *! & # # # *! % 2! 2 $ # ' " " % " & 2! 2 $ # * % 2 " " & # $ "! " %%!! %! # " & 0 & %

180 / % " # *! # % $! " #! # & %! #! " # # ' #! #! ' # 2 $ " " # * " " # 0! # ' #! 2 2! # " " # 2 2 %# $ % " 2 " # #, & 2!! 2 %!!# ' 2! /# * " %# ' % $ # ' " %!!! 2 2 # ' 2!! 2 & &! " & 2 # $ 2! # ' " $ # %!# 0 &! 2 $ 2 & 0 $ " # ' # $% 2 $ 2 #! $ & &! & # '! " & & & " %! *, % # %# ' " # " %# * "! #!! # % 2 $ # * " %& " # & 2 " #

181 / / #. # ( " $ $% 2 # % # & " & ' %!& " & ' 2! " & ' " # & ' & ' $ %!& ' $ % ( (#, 0 & # %! 2 $, # * # # # " # & % " " % # $% 2! ( ( 2 # " 2 ' ) ' ) 0 ' ) 2 # ' " " # * " 2! $! " # " # ' ( ( 0 0 % #.# * 2 2 & " %%!# & " " % %!! " " # % 2 &! " "! # %& $ " 2 # #, & "

182 / # % " " # * %%! $ " # * # " & % # " 2 & $ #!! # " 2! # &! " % " % "!!!#, $ "!& " 2 " % % %& " $ $ # ' # " % # " # # " & " " & # 2 & " $ % $ & # -# $ # " % $ $ $ # " #! " $ " % # ' $ & " % # $ & 0 " $! " %!# *! " "!! "! & %!& 0!& %!& "! # %& # # " %! " '! & 2 $ ###)& " % $ # $ " "!!! # & $ 2 $ % &!! %! $ #!! ( (# " # " % 0 # # " % %# % 0 # # # " % & # # " " # " # & #! $ $ %! %! #! 2 $ & #! 2!# # % & ' #!! $! # % "( # " -! & *(& (# #

183 /. # 1, # ' # % & ).#.#, $!! # ( (# & % & ". *(! ' )& TM 0 % 0 #

184 / 1

185 /

186

187 / ( " & $ #!! & 2! $ " # & " & 2 " $ # %# $ " " " # * " % %& " # ' " $!! # 0! %!# " $ #! # ' # %!! 2 # *! #! % " # '! $ & & * 2 &, " & '! " " # 2 $ # ' # $ $ %! # 2 $ 0! # % " # % #! 0! # %# (&! " &! % % & $ % # 0! # % %! TM # " # #! # ( & " " # $% #!! # '! " $!! # " & # % % 2 $ '$ 2! # $ % #

188 / ( " #! # 2 $ " 2! 2 # $ # % # 0 2! % & #! # 0 # 0 %!!! '! % $ ) # ' 0 2 &!& 2 $ % # '$& % & 2 & " &!! $ & $ % " 2 $ & & 2 # *!! & $ & 2! " % $! # " "! " % # *! # % % # 2 $ # '$# '! " 2 & 2 % % #!!&! # $ 2 $ # # ' #! 2 $ # 2 " # & "! %! # # $ " " 2 & " # %!!# # & % # & " & % % "!! "! # # * % $ % #!!& " " " " %! # $ 0 $ "!! 2 # '! 0 # 2 # % 2 $ '$# ' # % # # & %

189 % $ & " # & " % $ 2 # #! $ 2 #, & %!!& # $!! $ "!! # ' " #!& 2!& $ %# # # )& 0 " #, & 2! # * 2 # %# # % 2 # # % "# *! " # " 0! % # ( #! # # #!# # & # % % '$ 2 # # & $ 2 $ %! " % $ # / $ # %! # 2 ' $ #! 0!& %! #! # *! # $ " # $! # # % & & 2 &! % # ' 0 & #!! # % # " $ # * #! " # &!&! " # * " # % % # $ 2 #

190 / % '! " $ " & % # ' # $! # ' # % # ' $ & " 2 $ & # ( " " " #! # ( $ "! & " " # * + " ' " 0 % " )& # & ' )&!! ' &! % % 0 2 $ ) 0 # 2 & & % 2 # * % %!# * " $! %! # $ 2 #! # " $ " # ' 2 # $ "! %!! $ & # " #! " # & # $% %! 0 2 # & # %! # % # &! #! # # & # # # $ " " %&! 2 $ " % $ " # " % # $ " " # & " "! $ # ' "! " " &! # $ $ %!& $!! 2 #, & " " 2 $ % %! #, & # $% $ # 0!

191 $% # & " 2 "! " # # 0 & " " & # "! # (&! & "!& # & #! #!!# ' # 2 & #! " " 0 # / / % & " % # # & # * " 2 # % %& # & # % % # ' # 2! # %#!! $ #, " 2 & "! & % $ # # # & " "! 0 2 " # * # " # 2 $ " 2! "! # # # & # # & 2 # " # $ # % #! 2 " 2 " % " %!!# &! # ' % # " # %# "! &! " # " # * " $ " % 2 " # & & # % $ 2 $ # " " # " $ " # " $ %!# #! # # & # % # ' " % " # '! 2 % # " + " + '

192 / )# 0 & % 2! " # ' %!!! % ' # $ % " 2 %!) % " & # # % % # # " # * % # & # % % " # $ " # " & # % $ # # #! # $ " " # *! % # " # %! # " #, 0 & "!! %# * " # %! $ %! '! "

193 ' & & %# '! % & % # & % % & %!" #$' % && +'() * % $#+,# -&./0& $#+ 1!" ' +2(

194 +2 / $# %!" $ & # ' & & % # 0 TM - %# -! & #.& %# # +' ( * %, % # $ $#& % $ & &! & %! # %!!!" # -! - & # ' * - - #,!" #! %# & %! & - - % *,#

195 +2 ' - # '- & - % - # " & - # $ $ % )# $ eij & C.M 2 & dij # D i = e ik.s k + ε S ij.e j *$#+, T k = c E kl.s l e ik.e i *$#, Di %& Ei *,& Sk Tk # ' eik - & c E kl ε S & ij # D i = d ik.t k + ε T ij.e j *$#(, S k = s E kl.t l d ik.e i *$#, $ s E kl # d ik = e ij.s E jk d ik.c E kl = e il & 1 d15 = e 31 (s 11 + s 12 ) + e 33.s 13 = C.N 1 1 d31 = C.N 1 1 d33 = C.N 1 *$#, *$#, # m.v 1 *, * V.m 1, # & -

196 +2 # ' %& &! # 1 $ '! % # # '% +' $ 1.5µm *, 5 d µm * d31,# 1 '! % % )& % # +)& %. ) % % )# $ * +' µm,# & & - - %# '! w # $ (x) = A.U & % d31 $# &! * #, 1 ' # ' * $! (''' +# µm,# ' #! & # ' %!" & # & #

197 +2 *, *, *, $# 1 $ *, # 0 *, ' % - # $ %& &! %# ' $ # # - # % # 0 TM $ TM & % #! & % $ - * & -%,# ' # $ - * $,# $ & % + # & % ###. & & $! # *,

198 +22 - # # & # # #+& % #! # '!" % * %,# # * & #, % 1 *& $&., 1 % % & 1 * /./0, 1 # $ & *! - %%,# ' % % # $ $ & # ' - #. % # # %& # & %# & $ # ' & %# $! & &! #

199 +2 $#( 1 % *, - - & *, - $# 1 & $